摘要
锡铁山铅锌矿床是柴北缘铅锌成矿带最典型的大型铅锌矿床之一,位于青藏高原东北部。锡铁山已有多年的开发历史,矿业活动所产生的固废物会携带高浓度的污染元素,而尾矿库是污染元素的重要聚集场所。通过野外调查,样品采集、测试分析等,分析尾矿库矿物组合及铅锌元素赋存状态,旨在揭示高原地表环境下铅锌重金属迁移、赋存形态及累积过程,阐明重金属铅锌元素迁移机制。通过在沉积物中剖面分层采样,对样品矿物组合及铅锌含量进行分析,总结铅锌含量分布变化规律。研究结果表明,尾矿中矿石矿物主要为闪锌矿、方铅矿及黄铁矿,脉石矿物主要有石英、方解石、角闪石及透辉石。尾矿库中重金属铅锌含量均高于背景值,铅元素迁移能力中等,锌元素迁移能力相对较强,该研究认识有利于绿色矿山建设,有利于生态效应理论积累新知识。
Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit is one of the most typical large lead-zinc deposit in the lead-zinc metallogenic belt in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin,which is located in the northeast of Tibetan Plateau.The deposit has been developed for many years,the solid waste produced by mining activities can carry high concentration of polluted elements,and tailings reservoir is an important gathering place of contaminated elements.In order to reveal the migration,occurrence form and accumulation process of lead and zinc in surface environment of plateau,and further to clarify the migration mechanism of lead and zinc elements,the mineral assemblage and the occurrence state of lead and zinc elements in tailings reservoir were analyzed by means of field investigation,samples collection,test and analysis.Meanwhile,stratified sampling in sediment profile,lead and zinc content,mineral content of samples were analyzed,and the distribution and variation of lead and zinc content were summarized.The results indicated that the ore minerals in tailings were mainly sphalerite,galena and pyrite,and gangue minerals were mainly quartz,calcite,hornblende and diopside.The content of lead and zinc in tailings reservoir was higher than the background value,the migration of lead element was medium,and the migration ability of zinc element was strong.This research cognition was beneficial to the construction of green mine,to the accumulation of new knowledge about ecological theory.
作者
王建国
李玮
张世珍
WANG Jianguo;LI Wei;ZHANG Shizhen(Department of Geological Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《有色金属（矿山部分）》
2020年第1期84-87,110,共5页
NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section）
基金
青海省应用基础研究计划项目（2019-ZJ-7022）
青海省自然科学基金项目（2017-ZJ-955Q）
青海大学教育与教学改革项目（JY201817）
青海大学地质资源与地质工程重点学科建设项目（41250103）
关键词
尾矿
矿物组合
重金属
分布特征
绿色矿山
tailing
mineral assemblage
heavy metals
distribution characteristics
green mine
