摘要
为明确长湖流域农田地表径流氮磷流失特征,了解高风险种植模式,以荆州市沙市区为例,采用流失系数法和遥感数据分析相结合进行了研究。结果表明,研究区7个乡镇农场农田地表径流氮、磷总流失量分别为539023、19850 kg,其中岑河镇最高,分别占沙市区氮、磷流失总量的45%、43%;沙市农场氮流失强度最高,立新乡磷流失强度最高。全区当季施肥造成的氮、磷流失分别占农田流失总量的28%、23%。15种种植模式中,氮、磷流失最大的模式分别为平地-旱地-大田、平地-水田,分别占农田流失总量的44%、46%。3种坡度中,平地的农田地表径流氮、磷流失量最大,分别占农田流失总量的91%、89%,陡坡地最小。4种土地利用类型中,旱地的农田地表径流氮、磷流失量分别占农田流失总量的49%、36%,水田分别占农田氮、磷流失总量的44%、53%。沙市农场和立新乡分别是氮、磷流失高风险区,平地-旱地-大田、平地-水田分别是氮、磷流失高风险种植模式。
In order to clarify the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss from the surface runoff of farmland in the Changhu Lake Basin,and to understand the high-risk planting pattern,taking the Shacheng District of Jingzhou City as an example,a study was conducted using a combination of loss coefficient method and remote sensing data analysis.The results showed that the total loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in 7 towns of the study area were 539023 and 19850 kg.The loss in Cenhe Town was the highest among the 7 towns,which accounted for 45%and 43%of the total loss,respectively.Among the 7 towns,Shashi Farm had the highest intensity of nitrogen loss,while Lixin Township had the highest intensity of phosphorus loss.The in-season losses of nitrogen and phosphorus accounted for 28%and 23%of the total losses,respectively.Among the 15 cropping patterns,the patterns with the largest loss of nitrogen and phosphorus were flat-dry land-field and flat-paddy fields,accounting for 44%and 46%of the total losses,respectively.Among the three kinds of slope farmland,the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in the flat was the highest,accounting for 91%and 89%of the total loss,respectively,and the steep slope was the lowest.In the four land use types,the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in the surface runoff of dry land accounted for,respectively,49%and 36%of the total loss and the paddy fields accounted for,respectively,44%and 53%of the total nitrogen and phosphorus losses.Shashi Farm and Lixin Township were the high-risk areas,while flat-dry land-field and flat-paddy fields were the high-risk cropping patterns for nitrogen and phosphorus loss.
作者
杨思雨
谌婕妤
焦雪敏
王文荟
尹述政
许峰
黄运新
YANG Si-yu;SHEN Jie-yu;JIAO Xue-min(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan,Hubei 430062)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第4期59-65,68,共8页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31670543)
关键词
农田地表径流
种植模式
空间分布
遥感数据
氮磷流失
Farmland surface runoff
Cropping patterns
Spatial distribution
Remote sensing data
Nitrogen and phosphorus losses
