摘要
为了解乌鲁木齐市降雪、积雪中重金属的污染现状及来源,采集乌鲁木齐2017年1~2月期间不同功能区降雪和积雪样品,测定样品中的8种重金属元素,利用相关性分析、主成分分析和后向轨迹模型探究重金属的来源。结果显示:降雪、积雪中ρ(Fe)的平均值最高,分别为229.63、259.31μg/L,ρ(Cd)的平均值最低,分别为3.28、9.33μg/L,对比地表水环境质量标准,降雪、积雪中各重金属均存在一定超标情况;各功能区降雪中重金属浓度大小顺序为:交通区>工业区>商业区>生活区(建筑活动)>背景区,积雪中重金属浓度大小顺序为:生活区(建筑活动)>工业区>交通区>商业区>背景区。除Fe外积雪中重金属浓度大小顺序为:工业区>交通区>商业区>生活区>背景区。相关性与主成分分析解析出降雪中重金属的来源是交通排放、燃煤和金属冶炼,积雪中重金属的来源是燃煤、交通和金属冶炼以及钢铁生产。后向轨迹分析得出两类气团源区无典型污染源,乌鲁木齐市降雪、积雪中污染物来源于本地源排放。
In order to understand the pollution status and sources of heavy metals in snowfall and snow cover of Urumqi city,samples from snowfall and snow cover were collected in different functional areas from January to February in 2017.The concentrations of 8 types of heavy metals in snow were determined,and the sources of heavy metals were explored using correlation analysis,principal component analysis and Backward Trajectory Model.The results showed that the average value ofρ(Fe)were both the highest in snowfall and in snow cover,which were 229.36 and 259.31μg/L respectively;the average value ofρ(Cd)were the lowest,which were 3.28 and 9.33μg/L respectively.Compared with the environmental quality standards of surface water,the heavy metal concentrations in snowfall and snow cover showed a certain of exceeding the limits.The order of heavy metals concentrations in snowfall in different functional areas was followed as traffic area>industrial area>commercial area>residential area(with construction activity)>background area.The order of heavy metal concentrations in snow cover was followed as residential area(with construction activity)>industrial area>traffic area>commercial area>background area.Except for Fe,the heavy metals concentrations in snow cover were ranked as industrial area>traffic area>commercial area>residential area>background area.Based on the correlation and principal component analysis,heavy metals in snowfall came from the traffic emission,coal combustion and metal smelting,while heavy metals in snow cover came from coal combustion,traffic emission,metal smelting and steel production.The Backward Trajectory Model analysis showed that there were no typical pollution sources in the two types of air mass source areas,which indicated that pollutants in snowfall and snow cover of Urumqi came from the local sources.
作者
王镜然
帕丽达·牙合甫
WANG Jingran;PALIDA Yahefu(College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《环境保护科学》
CAS
2020年第1期147-154,共8页
Environmental Protection Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21167017
21567028)
关键词
降雪
积雪
重金属污染
来源解析
乌鲁木齐
Snowfall
Snow Cover
Heavy Metal Pollution
Source Apportionment
Urumqi
