摘要
采用《测土配方施肥技术规范(试行)》推荐的“3414”试验设计方案,研究不同肥料处理对糙花少穗竹笋产量和品质的影响。结果表明:1)氮、磷、钾平衡施肥不仅显著提高糙花少穗竹笋产量,还明显提高单笋质量,平衡施肥处理的笋产量比未施肥的空白区增产26.56%,比氮或磷或钾缺素区分别增产10.45%、42.11%和28.57%,单笋质量比氮或磷或钾缺素区分别提高4.86%、27.01%和22.74%,不同肥料的增产效果表现为磷肥>钾肥>氮肥;2)平衡施肥处理能够改善笋品质,其笋粗蛋白含量较氮、磷、钾缺素区处理分别增加66.63%、41.45%、6.33%,笋粗纤维含量较空白区和氮、磷、钾缺素区处理分别降低7.32%和23.63%、12.84%、9.08%;3)肥效模型显示,糙花少穗竹的氮、磷、钾肥最佳施用量分别为氮肥150 kg/hm 2、磷肥为58 kg/hm 2、钾肥为83 kg/hm 2,预计出笋产量1596 kg/hm 2,氮、磷、钾肥最佳比例为1∶0.4∶0.6。
Using the "3414" experimental design scheme recommended in the Technical Specification for Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization(Trial Implementation),the paper studies the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the shoots yield and quality of Oligostachyum scabriflorum.The results show that:1) Balanced fertilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium can not only significantly increase the total shoot yield,but also obviously improve the single shoot weight of 0.scabriflorum.The yield of bamboo shoots with balanced fertilization increase by 26.56% compared with the control without fertilization,while increasing by 10.45%,42.11% and 28.57% compared with the nitrogen or phosphorus or potassium deficient fertilization,respectively,and the quality of single shoot under the balanced fertilization increases by 4.86%,27.01% and 22.74% compared with the nitrogen or phosphorus or potassium deficient fertilization,respectively.The yield increasing effect of different fertilizers is as follows:phosphorus fertilizer> potassium fertilizer> nitrogen fertilizer;2) Balanced fertilization could improve the quality of bamboo shoot,with the crude protein content increasing 66.63%,41.45% and 6.33% respectively compared with that of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficiency fertilization,and the crude fiber content of bamboo shoot decreasing 7.32% and 23.63%,12.84% and 9.08%,respectively compared with that of the control treatment and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficiency fertilization;3) The model of fertilizer effect shows that the best application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium is the fertilization of nitrogen at 150 kg/hm2,phosphorus at 58 kg/hm^2 and potassium at 83 kg/hm^2,respectively.It is estimated that the output of shoots is 1 596 kg/hm^2,and the best ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 1:0.4:0.6.
作者
黄永南
Huang Yongnan(Forestry Bureau of Yong an County,Yong an 366000,Fujian,China)
出处
《世界竹藤通讯》
2020年第1期25-29,共5页
World Bamboo and Rattan
基金
福建省科技厅项目(2013N2007)
关键词
糙花少穗竹
施肥
笋产量
笋品质
Oligostachyum scabriflorum
fertilization
shoot yield
shoot quality
