摘要
为了理解近期沙地农业开发的土壤风蚀风险及其对区域沙漠化的影响。该文对毛乌素沙地灌丛沙堆地、沙质草地以及耕地不同位置进行了多组风沙同步观测,并对所收集的沙物质进行粒度分析。结果表明:草地与灌丛地被开垦为耕地后,土壤风蚀强度成倍数增长。在可蚀性颗粒充足的耕地,输沙率顺风向趋于增加的同时,随高度的增加,输沙率在0~10 cm高度内以指数函数规律递减,在10~20 cm高度内以幂函数规律递减;总输沙率与风速呈较好的幂函数关系,侵蚀模数约为9 657 t/(km^2·a)。该文认为,新垦地的出现对区域沙漠化具有重要影响,其面积应作为评价区域沙漠化的重要指标;减小裸露耕地面积,建立防风固沙林,保留一定高度的留茬,可有效控制新垦地的土壤风蚀问题。
Soil wind erosion is the main cause of land degradation in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China, which is mainly affected by surface type, climate and so on. Strong soil wind-erosion will not only accelerate regional desertification and influence the quality of human life, but also cause serious ecological and environmental problems. Since the 2000 s, our country has gradually strengthened the control of land desertification and carried out a series of sand control works, which effectively improved the overall ecological environment of the sandy land. But in recent years, there are some common phenomenon that extensive grassland and brushland was turned into cultivated land in the southeast and southwest of Mu Us sandy land. However, in the dry and windy winter or spring, these new reclaimation land is usually so exposed that it is vulnerable to suffer from strong wind erosion. Therefore, it is great significance to study the characteristics of soil wind erosion in new reclaimation land and find out the control methods. Based on the above question, this paper selected the southern part of Mu Us sandy land(38°05′27″-38°13′58″N, 107°24′28″-107°37′30″E) as the research area, as well as set up 5 observation points on different surfaces, which were represented respectively by A, B, C, D and E. Point A was on the brushland, point B was on the middle of the grassland, and other three points were respectively on different parts of the cultivated land. On the day with strong wind activity, 12 groups simultaneous observation of wind and sand were made at these 5 points(A, B, C, D, E), with each observation time at least 20 minutes. After these observations, the material of the sand samplers were weighed with an electronic balance of 1/1 000, and the material of surface and sand samplers on cultivated land were analyzed by Mastersizer2000 Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The results showed that the soil wind erosion intensity increased exponentially after grassland and shrubland were cultivated;on cul
作者
周炎广
武子丰
胡日娜
李红悦
王卓然
哈斯额尔敦
Zhou Yanguang;Wu Zifeng;Hu Rina;Li Hongyue;Wang Zhuoran;Hasi Eerdun(School of Natural Resources,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期138-147,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0500805）
国家自然科学基金项目（41671002）
关键词
风
侵蚀
粒度
输沙率
风沙流结构
毛乌素沙地
wind
erosion
particle size
sediment transport rate
structure of drifting sand flux
Mu Us sandy land
