摘要
【目的】分析椰糠与基质不同配比对白菜类蔬菜幼苗生长的影响,筛选最佳基质配方,为椰糠的开发利用及白菜优质苗的培育提供参考。【方法】以大白菜品种金胜和快菜、小白菜品种绿秀和夏冠为材料,设置3个椰糠复合基质比例处理组(市售基质与椰糠体积比为3∶1、2∶2和1∶3,分别设为T1、T2和T3),以未添加椰糠的市售基质为对照(CK),测定不同处理的白菜出(成)苗率、株高、株幅、叶绿素含量及植株鲜(干)重等生长指标。【结果】与CK相比,添加椰糠能显著影响复配基质的理化性质,随着椰糠比例的加大,复配基质的pH、容重和电导率(EC)减小,最大持水量增大,各处理的pH为6.17~6.42,EC为662.8~1200.0μS/cm,总孔隙度为60.59%~71.34%,各项理化性质均在优良基质的适宜范围内。与CK相比,添加椰糠的低配比基质(T1和T2处理)更有助于白菜成苗。基质中添加椰糠能提高白菜幼苗的株高、株幅、叶长和叶宽、单株干重和鲜重,当市售基质和椰糠体积比为3∶1时,大多数指标达最大值且与CK差异显著(P<0.05,下同),其中,单株总鲜重增幅达70.6%~204.0%。添加椰糠基质显著降低了白菜叶片中的叶绿素含量。【结论】随着椰糠添加比例的加大,复配基质的pH、容重和EC减小,最大持水量增大,说明椰糠可增强基质透气性和保水性。椰糠可有效提高白菜幼苗的株高、株幅及植株鲜干重等生长指标。以市售基质与椰糠的体积比为3∶1处理的效果较优,可在白菜幼苗生长中推广应用。
【Objective】In order to select an optimal formula of substrate,the effects of different proportions of coconut peat and substrate on seedling growth of vegetable of Brassica campestris were analyzed,which provided reference for the application of coconut peat and the cultivation of high-quality Chinese cabbage seedlings.【Method】In this study,four cabbage varieties(Jinsheng,Kuaicai,Lüxiu and Xiaguan)were used as experimental materials to study seedling survival rate,plant breadth,plant height,chlorophyll content,fresh and dry weight. Among the four treatments,commercial substrate adding coconut peat in different volume ratios of 3∶1,2∶2 and 1∶3 respectively were set up as T1,T2 and T3,and the commercial substrate without coconut peat was as control(CK).【Result】Compared with CK,the addition of coconut peat had significant effects on the physical and chemical properties of substrate and as the proportion of coconut peat increased,the pH,bulk density and electrical conductivity(EC)of the mixed substrate were markedly reduced,and total porosity and maximum water-holding capacity were increased,specifically,the pH of each treatment was 6.17-6.42,the EC was 662.8-1200.0 μS/cm,and the total porosity was 60.59%-71.34%. And the physical and chemical properties were within the appropriate range of excellent matrix. Compared with the CK,the low-addition coconut dust matrix(T1 and T2)could promote the growth of seedlings. The addition of coconut dust in the substrate increased the plant height,plant breadth,leaf length and width and total fresh and dry weight per plant.When the volume ratio of commercial substrate and coconut peat was 3∶1,all indexes respectively reached the maximum and were significantly different from CK(P<0.05,the same below). Among them,the total fresh weight per plant increased by 70.6%-204.0%. The addition of coconut dust substrate significantly reduced the chlorophyll content in leaves.【Conclusion】With the increase of the proportion of added coconut dust,the pH,bulk density and
作者
王跃华
张明科
惠麦侠
石潞荣
WANG Yue-hua;ZHANG Ming-ke;HUI Mai-xia;SHI Lu-rong(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期2749-2754,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-23-G22)
西安市科技计划项目(201806113YFNC9-2)
西北农林科技大学成果转化项目(TGZX2019-18)
杨凌示范区推广项目(2018GG27)
关键词
大白菜
小白菜
椰糠
基质配比
理化性质
幼苗质量
Chinese cabbage
pakchoi
coconut peat
substrate composition
physicochemical property
seedling quality
