摘要
为探讨青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭适应高原低氧机理,分析其血液生理特征和心肺组织学改变。选择连续海拔段的青海省乌兰县(海拔3200—3400 m)、囊谦县(3600—3800 m)、兴海县(3800—4000 m)和泽库县(4000—4200 m)作为现场采样点,采用圈套法捕获喜马拉雅旱獭样本,记录标本采集信息和生境类型,静脉注射5%戊巴比妥钠麻醉旱獭后,心脏采血3—5 mL并置于抗凝管中。处死旱獭后迅速摘取心脏和肺脏,并将样本放入4%甲醛溶液中。利用全自动血液分析仪测定红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、血细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)和血小板(PLT)等生理指标。固定后的心肺样本按常规方法切片(厚4μm),HE染色后光镜观察。结果发现乌兰县喜马拉雅旱獭的HBC、HGB、HCT最高,而囊谦县旱獭的RBC、HGB、HCT数值最低。MCV随海拔的升高而降低,而PLT则相反,随海拔的升高而增加。显微镜下观察喜马拉雅旱獭心肺组织的HE染色切片,4个地区的心肺切片中均有不同程度的损伤。说明该动物对高原低氧环境有一定的生理适应性。
We analyzed the blood physiological characteristics and cardiopulmonary histological lesions to explore the high-elevation hypoxia of Himalayan marmot(Marmota himalayana)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.We captured Himalayan marmots using snare traps in Wulan County(3200-3400 m ASL),Nangqian County(3600-3800 m ASL),Xinghai County(3800-4000 m ASL)and Zeku County(4000-4200 m ASL).Geographical information and habitat type were recorded at capture sites.After intravenous anesthesia with 5%pentobarbital sodium,3-5 mL of blood were collected from the heart and placed in an anticoagulation tube.The heart and lungs were quickly removed after euthanasia,and the samples were placed in 4%formaldehyde.We measured physiological indicators,including red blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin(HGB)and hematocrit(HCT)levels,mean red blood cell volume(MCV),and platelet(PLT)counts using a fully automated blood analyzer.The fixed cardiopulmonary samples were sectioned by conventional methods(4μm in thickness)and observed by light microscopy after HE staining.The values of HBC,HGB and HCT were highest in samples from Wulan County,while these values were lowest in marmots from Nangqian County.MCV decreased and PLT increased with increasing elevation.The HE stained sections of the heart and lung tissues were studied under a microscope,and the cardiopulmonary sections showed different degrees of damage from the four regions.This showed that Himalayan marmot had certain physiological adaptations to the hypoxia environment of the plateau.
作者
何建
陈芳
李海龙
赵延梅
杨汉青
余长升
马英
郭新建
HE Jian;CHEN Fang;LI Hailong;ZHAO Yanmei;YANG Hanqing;YU Changsheng;MA Ying;GUO Xinjian(Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining,811602,China;The Fifth People s Hospital of Qinghai Province,Xining,810007,China;Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University,Xining,810001,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2020年第1期63-69,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81560521)
青海省科技厅基础研究计划项目(2016-ZJ-770)
国家卫健委基地平台建设项目(2019PT310004)
青海省鼠疫防控与研究重点实验室(2020年度)联合资助
关键词
高原低氧适应
青藏高原
喜马拉雅旱獭
血液生理指标
High altitude hypoxia adaptation
Qinghai-Tibet plateau
Marmota himalayana
Blood physiological indicators
