摘要
研究范式支撑了现代大学的兴起与发展,也在不同发展阶段的代表性国家中经历了根本性变革。德国大学受时代和传统影响,形成了等级森严的研究体制、非制度化的学徒培养模式、由天职统摄的研究观。美国大学在继承德国范式的基础上,建立起了一套以自由竞争、统一培养和实用至上为特色的开放性范式。研究范式深受本土文化与时代精神的影响,其生命力源于科研系统的内在开放性。
Research paradigm supported the rise and development of modern universities, which underwent fundamental changes in representative countries at different stages. German universities had been influenced by the times and traditions, forming a hierarchical research system, a non-institutionalized apprenticeship model and the research concept of calling. Inheriting the German research paradigm, the American universities had established an open paradigm characterized by free competition, unified training and practical supremacy. Therefore, research paradigm was deeply influenced by the local culture and the spirit of the times, whose vitality stemmed from the openness of the scientific research system.
作者
张伟
ZHANG Wei(School of Educational Science,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China)
出处
《高等教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第12期99-106,共8页
Journal of Higher Education
基金
国家社会科学基金(教育学)青年课题(CDA170245)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2018SJZDA017)
关键词
现代大学
研究范式
大学演进
学术研究
modern university
research paradigm
university tradition
academic research
