摘要
苹果属于高经济价值作物,对于农民增收和区域产业发展具有重要的作用。为了准确把握苹果生产、面临的风险状况以及对保险的需求,对中国苹果主产区之一的山东省开展了详细的调研。在种植模式方面,山东内陆地区主要采取乔砧密植栽培模式,半岛地区正逐步向矮砧密植栽培模式转变。在自然灾害方面,山东大部分地区主要受春季干旱影响,内陆地区还受苹果花期冻害、冰雹等灾害影响;沿海地区还受台风和大风影响。在苹果保险方面,山东地区的赔付率较高,果农和保险机构的积极性均不高。建议进一步优化苹果保险政策和制度,通过保险手段保障果农的利益。
Apple is a high economic value crop,which plays an important role in increasing farmers’ income and regional industrial development.In order to accurately comprehend the production,the risk situation and the demand for insurance in apple industry,a detailed study was carried out in Shandong Province,one of the main apple producing areas in China. In terms of planting pattern,the high-density vigorous rootstock cultivation pattern was mainly adopted in Shandong inland areas,and the high-density vigorous rootstock cultivation pattern was gradually changed to the high-density dwarfing rootstock cultivation pattern in Shandong Peninsula area. In terms of natural disasters,most areas of Shandong were mainly affected by the drought in Spring,inland areas were also affected by frost during blooms,hails,etc. The coastal areas were also affected by typhoons,high winds,etc. In terms of apple insurance,the payouts rate in Shandong region was much high,and the enthusiasm of fruit farmers and insurance institutions was low.It’s proposed to further optimize apple insurance policies and systems to protect the interests of fruit farmers through agricultural insurance.
作者
王明昌
WANG Ming-chang(Postdoctoral Research Station,China Reinsurance(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100033;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;China Property and Casualty Reinsurance Company Ltd.)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2020年第1期77-78,83,共3页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划专项“重大自然灾害监测预警与防范”(2017YFC1502804)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M641604)
关键词
苹果
生产现状
自然灾害
农业保险
山东省
apple
production status
natural disasters
agricultural insurance
Shandong Province
