摘要
细菌胞外囊泡既往被认为是革兰阴性菌特有的分泌形式,自2009年以来,越来越多的原核生物(包括革兰阳性菌、柔膜体类细菌)被证实分泌细胞外囊泡,它是生物进化过程中广泛存在的一种保守分泌形式,是有效的细胞间通讯载体。细胞外囊泡可以传递蛋白质、脂质、核酸等物质,从而影响亲本细胞及受体细胞的相关生理及病理功能,在原核生物生存、致病过程中发挥重要作用。其具有抗原特性且无法自身复制的特点,这使得细胞外囊泡在疫苗研究方面取得了一定成效。但原核生物的分泌机制目前尚不完全清楚,未来需进一步研究。
Bacterial extracellular vesicles have long been considered to be a secreted form of Gram-negative bacteria.Since 2009,more and more prokaryotes,including Gram-positive bacteria and mollicutes,have been shown to secrete extracellular vesicles.It is a kind of conserved secretory form widely existing in the process of biological evolution.It is an effective intercellular communication carrier,which can transfer proteins,lipids,nucleic acids and other substances,thus affecting the related physiology and pathology of parental cells and recipient cells,and playing an important role in the survival and pathogenesis of prokaryotes.It has antigenic characteristics and cannot replicate itself,which makes extracellular vesicles some achievements in vaccine research.However,the secretion mechanism of prokaryotes is still not fully understood,and further researches are needed in the future.
作者
陈鸣
殷勇
CHEN Ming;YIN Yong(Department of Respiratory Medicine,National Children′s Medical Center/Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)
出处
《医学综述》
2020年第1期24-29,共6页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(16411955100)
上海交通大学中国医院发展研究院医院管理建设重点项目(CHDI-2017-A-06)
上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会卫生计生科研项目(PW2017E-1)
关键词
原核生物
胞外囊泡
疫苗
Prokaryote
Extracellular vesicle
Vaccine
