摘要
进入21世纪,北京市贫困结构正发生显著变化,绝对贫困有所减轻,相对贫困增加;收入贫困减少,支出贫困凸显;工作年龄段贫困人口减少,边缘人群增加。贫困结构的变化给北京市社会救助带来影响,包括:最低生活保障标准逐年提高,但是救助对象人数持续下滑;政府救助方式单一与贫困家庭需求多样化的矛盾越来越突出;因病致贫成为家庭贫困主因,刚性支出导致低收入家庭陷入困境。基于贫困形态的变化,北京市应建立基本生活保障制度,建立分层救助圈,建立支出型贫困家庭生活救助制度和个案帮扶制度。目前,全国贫困结构正在转型,即将进入相对贫困时代,北京市社会救助改革建议对全国社会救助改革具有借鉴意义。
From beginning of 21st century,Beijing poverty pattern has changed significantly:absolute poverty gradually decreased while relative poverty increased,income poverty decreased while expenditure poverty increased.Therefore,Beijing social assistance system is facing changes such as:beneficiaries of Dibao reduced continuously while standard of subsidies increased,traditional ways of social assistance cannot meet the diversified assistance demands of poor families,more and more families become poor because of illness.Based on the changes of poverty pattern in Beijing,it is suggested to establish the basic living protection system,construct a multi-level social assistance system,establish an expenditure-oriented livelihood assistance system for needy families,establish social assistance casework.At present,the poverty structure in China is undergoing transformation,the suggestions on the reform of Beijing social assistance system can be used for reference in the reform of social assistance across the country.
出处
《广东社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期185-193,256,共10页
Social Sciences in Guangdong
