摘要
植物医学上的病害泛指由生物因素(害虫、病原菌、杂草、害鼠等有害生物)、非生物因素(水分、光照、温度、营养、农药等环境胁迫)和自身免疫力下降引起的,影响植物健康的一切异常生命活动过程.对植物有害生物控制是一个系统工程,靠单一的措施或者技术很难达到理想的效果,仅仅靠技术层面的工作也很难获得整体的效应.本文分析了植物有害生物治理的各种措施和策略,结合历史经验和科技发展趋势,提出了植物健康调控与有害生物防治的新概念——系统控制(Systematic control of plant diseases,SCPD).系统控制是指在系统论、控制论思想指导下,以农田生态系统为对象,以维护植物健康为核心,从而维持系统正常运转和良性循环,充分发挥系统功能为目标的有害生物防控的技术和管理体系;是从资源利用、运作效率、系统弹性和可持续性的整体维度进行思考和实施的系统工程.系统控制概念的提出不仅是植物健康维护理论上的创新和生产实践的需要,而且也是植物有害生物持续控制发展的必然趋势,对于丰富植物医学理论,推进植物医学事业的发展具有重要意义.
Diseases in plant medicine generally refer to all abnormal life activities that are caused by biological factors(pests,pathogens,weeds,rodents and other harmful organisms),abiotic factors(water,light,temperature,nutrition,pesticides and other environmental stresses)and the decline of self immunity and affect the health of plants.The control of plant pests is a systematic project and,therefore,it is difficult to achieve the ideal results with a single measure or technology,and it is difficult to achieve the overall effect only by the work at the technical level.This paper analyzes various measures and different strategies of plant pest management and,combining them with historical experience and the development trend of science and technology,proposes a new concept of plant health control and pest management-systematic control of plant diseases(SCPD).SCPD is the technical system and management system of pest controlwhich is guided by the principles of systematology and cybernetics,takes the farmland ecosystem as the object and plant health as the core and aims at maintaining the normal operation and virtuous cycle of the system and giving full play to the system functions.It is a systematic project to be considered and implemented from the overall dimensions of resource utilization,operation efficiency,system flexibility and sustainability.Not only does the formation of the concept of systematic control result from the need of theoretical innovation and production practice of plant health maintenance,it also reflects the inevitable trend of the sustainable development of plant pest control.Thus it should be of great significance to the enrichment of the theory of phytomedicine and the promotion of its development.
作者
丁伟
赵志模
DING Wei;ZHAO Zhi-mo(School of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《植物医生》
2019年第6期1-11,共11页
Plant Doctor
基金
重庆市科委重点项目（CSTC2018JSCX-MSZDX0047）
国家烟草专卖局绿色防控重大专项（110201601025LS-05
110201901042LS-5）
关键词
植物病害
系统控制
植物健康
植物医学
plant disease
systematic control
plant health
phytomedicine
