摘要
目的分析吉林省手足口病流行特征及病原学特点,为制定更加科学、有效的手足口病预防控制措施提供合理化的建议。方法使用Excel 2010软件建立吉林省手足口病数据库,采用描述性流行病学方法,对2008-2018年吉林省手足口病疫情资料进行分析。使用SPSS 24.0软件进行统计学分析。结果2008-2018年吉林省年均报告手足口病14672例,年均发病率为53.51/10万。5岁以下儿童发病数占发病总数的79.59%,散居儿童发病数占发病总数的58.00%,男女性别比为1.46∶1。呈现隔1年流行强度增强的特点。除2016年发病高峰出现在8月外,其他年度发病高峰均出现在7月。年平均发病率前三位的地区分别为延边朝鲜族自治州、通化市以及四平市。实验室诊断手足口病病例其他肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)阳性占37.20%。共报告重症1197例,散居儿童占79.37%。共报告死亡病例35例,死亡年龄均为5岁以下。结论吉林省手足口病的高发季节为7-8月,高发人群为5岁以下儿童,做好夏季5岁以下儿童防控是工作重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemic and pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Jilin province so as to provide rationalization proposal for formulating more scientific and effective prevention and control measures against HFMD.Methods Excel 2010 was employed to establish the database of hand-foot-mouth disease in Jilin province,and the data concerning epidemic situation of HFMD in Jilin province from 2008 to 2018 were analyzed by the method of descriptive epidemiology.SPSS 24.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of the data.Results An average of 14,672 cases of HFMD were reported annually in Jilin province during 2008-2018,with an annual average incidence rate of 53.51/100,000.The number of cases of children under 5 years old accounted for 79.59%of the total reported cases.The number of cases of scattered children accounted for 58.00%of the total reported cases.The ratio of male to female was 1.46∶1.The epidemic intensity during 2008-2018 increased every other year.The peak incidence of HFMD in each year between 2008 and 2018 appeared in July except August in 2016.The top three regions of the annual average incidence rate were Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture,Tonghua city and Siping city.Laboratory diagnosis showed that 37.20%of HFMD cases were positive for human enterovirus(EV).A total of 1,197 severe HFMD cases were reported,and scattered children accounted for 79.37%.A total of 35 death cases of HFMD were reported,and all of the deaths were less than 5 years old.Conclusions An incidence peak for HFMD in Jilin province in 2008-2018 was seen during July-August,and children under 5 years old were the high incidence group.Therefore,special attention should be paid to summer and scattered children under 5 years old in HFMD prevention and control.
作者
栾博
赵庆龙
沈博
卢欣荣
张洋
吕波
LUAN Bo;ZHAO Qing-long;SHEN Bo;LU Xin-rong;ZHANG Yang;LYU Bo(Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun,Jilin 130062,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2020年第1期65-68,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
手足口病
监测
流行特征
hand-foot-mouth disease
surveillance
epidemic characteristic