摘要
目的了解湖北省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒(简称燃煤型氟中毒)防治现状,评价燃煤型氟中毒综合治理防治措施落实效果.方法按照国家《燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒监测方案》要求,2012-2017年,每年在建始县、巴东县和竹溪县的9个固定监测村和15个非固定监测村,每村入户调查10户家庭,动态监测炉灶使用情况及与玉米、辣椒相关的健康生活行为方式;同时开展儿童氟斑牙和尿氟监测.结果2012-2017年,监测村居民以使用改良炉为主,使用率均在96%以上;改良炉合格率、合格改良炉使用方法正确率各年间比较差异有统计学意义(固定监测村:χ2=48.71、63.72,P均<0.05;非固定监测村:χ2=74.02、84.80,P均<0.05),2015-2017年合格改良炉使用方法正确率均为100.00%.食用玉米及辣椒的正确干燥率、正确保管率、食前淘洗率各年间比较差异有统计学意义(固定监测村:χ2=10.18、10.41、4.99、15.71、4.67、6.80,P均<0.05;非固定监测村:χ2=6.22、6.23、18.86、49.90、23.88、6.42,P均<0.05);2015-2017年除辣椒的食前淘洗率,其余均为100.00%.8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=251.89,P<0.05),由2012年的33.57%(330/983)下降到2017年的10.26%(111/1082);儿童尿氟几何均值分别为0.62、0.60、0.54、0.53、0.54和0.47 mg/L,各年间比较差异有统计学意义(H=56.91,P<0.05).结论湖北省3个监测县燃煤型氟中毒防治措施落实较好,健康生活行为方式逐渐形成,总体病情明显减轻.
Objective To understand the prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Hubei Province,and to evaluate the effects of prevention and control measures on coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis.Methods According to the requirements of national"Coal-burning-borne Endemic Fluorosis Monitoring Program",9 fixed monitoring villages and 15 non-fixed villages in Jianshi,Badong and Zhuxi were selected as the monitoring sites every year from 2012 to 2017,10 households were selected in each village to carry out the dynamic monitoring of the usage of stove and health behavior related to the corn and pepper for human consumption.At the same time,the monitoring survey of children's dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride were carried out.Results From 2012 to 2017,the residents of the monitoring villages mainly used the improved stoves,the usage rates of the improved stove were all>96%.There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate and correct usage rate of the improved stove between each year(fixed monitoring villages:χ2=48.71,63.72,P<0.05;non-fixed monitoring villages:χ2=74.02,84.80,P<0.05).The correct usage rates of the improved stove were all 100.00%from 2015 to 2017.There were statistically significant differences in the correct rate of drying,keeping and washing eating corn and pepper between each year(fixed monitoring villages:χ2=10.18,10.41,4.99,15.71,4.67,6.80,P<0.05;non-fixed monitoring villages:χ2=6.22,6.23,18.86,49.90,23.88,6.42,P<0.05).From 2015 to 2017,all the rest rates were 100.00%except for the washing rate of pepper before eating.It showed a significant decline of dental fluorosis detection rate in 8 to 12 years old children annually(χ2=251.89,P<0.05),from 33.57%(330/983)of 2012 to 10.26%(111/1082)of 2017.The geometric means of urinary fluoride of children were 0.62,0.60,0.54,0.53,0.54 and 0.47 mg/L,respectively.There was statistically significant difference between each year(H=56.91,P<0.05).Conclusions The prevention and control measures on coal-burning-borne ende
作者
戴馨
段依敏
熊培生
周素华
张碧云
Dai Xin;Duan Yimin;Xiong Peisheng;Zhou Suhua;Zhang Biyun(Department for Endemic Disease Control,Institute for Chronic Disease Control,Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 839000,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期967-970,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
氟中毒
牙
监测
防治效果
Fluorosis
dental
Monitoring
Control effects
