摘要
2005~2019年对西沙群岛主要岛礁的珊瑚礁生态系统进行监测,结果表明西沙群岛的长棘海星暴发周期大约为15年.这15年又可分为两部分,其中长棘海星破坏期为5年左右,珊瑚恢复期为10年左右. 2006~2010年是长棘海星的破坏期,珊瑚覆盖率从60%多降低到不足5%. 2011~2019年是珊瑚的恢复期,珊瑚覆盖率逐步增多到15%左右,同时珊瑚补充量和珊瑚礁鱼类都有所增多.进一步分析表明,西沙群岛海域长棘海星的暴发主要与台风天气、珊瑚礁鱼类减少、全球升温、人类活动等因素有关.台风过境带来大量的营养盐,致使浮游生物增多,从而导致长棘海星的幼虫成活率提高.全球升温和珊瑚礁鱼类的减少会使长棘海星的精卵细胞更大比例地孵化和存活.通过对15年的监控数据的分析,我们认为西沙群岛海域正进入下一个长棘海星暴发周期,为了避免珊瑚礁生态系统再一次遭受灭顶之灾,现在应采取措施积极应对.
Outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci have received increasing attention due to their negative impacts on coral reefs. However, outbreaks of A. planci in Chinese seas are still poorly understood. Coral reefs in the Xisha Islands(Paracel Islands), South China Sea, have been monitored during 2005 and 2019, including hard coral coverage,larval recruitment rates, density of coral reef fish and the populations of A. planci. This study aims to analyse the regular pattern regarding outbreaks of A. planci in the main islands of Xisha Islands, the causes of outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci, and the solutions for controlling the outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci. Monitoring coral reef ecosystems on the main islands of Xisha Islands from 2005 to 2019 showed that the cycle of Acanthaster planci outbreaks in Xisha Islands is about 15 years. These 15 years can be divided into two phases, in which the period of A. planci outbreak is about 5 years, and the recovery period of coral reefs is about 10 years. When A. planci outbreak from 2006 to 2010, the coral reef cover rate decreased from more than 60% to less than 5%. During the recovery period from 2011 to 2019, the coverage of coral reefs gradually increased to around 15%, at the same time the coral recruitment and coral reef fish increased. Further analysis showed that the occurrence of A. planci in Xisha Islands is mainly related to typhoon weather, reduction of coral reef fish, global warming and human activities. The passage of the typhoon brought a large number of nutrients, which led to the increase of plankton, leading to the survival rate of larvae of A. planci. Global warming and a decline in coral reef fish could lead to a greater percentage of the eggs of A. planci hatching and surviving. Based on 15-years monitoring data, it is highly possible that Xisha Islands are entering the next outbreak cycle of A. planci, and therefore measures should be taken to prevent the coral reef ecosystem fr
作者
李元超
吴钟解
梁计林
陈石泉
赵建民
Yuanchao Li;Zhongjie Wu;Jilin Liang;Shiquan Chen;Jianmin Zhao(Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;Muping Coastal Environment Research Station,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第33期3478-3484,共7页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0506104,2018YFC1406503)
海南省自然科学基金(318MS119)资助
关键词
长棘海星
西沙群岛
暴发
周期
Acanthaster planci
Xisha Islands
outbreak
cycle
