摘要
通过对紫金山登山道植物群落现状调查,探究其植物群落结构特征、多样性性特征及其观赏特性,以期为登山步道两侧的森林群落管理和景观质量提升提供科学依据。结果表明:紫金山登山道两侧植物种类有239种,隶属79科171属,其中南京乡土植物占比85.77%,乔、灌层重要值前十的树种均为南京乡土植物或观赏性极强的适生树种。植物组成以落叶树种为主,常绿植物占比较少。植物群落结构以复层结构模式为主,灌乔密度比为1.36,群落结构较为合理,但草本层盖度相对较低。乔、灌层物种丰富度指数Dgl平均数为8.027 0,Shannon-Wiener指数平均数为1.828 0,Pielou均匀度指数平均数为0.406 9。植物群落均匀度较低,植物种类具有集聚分布的特点。登山道两侧观赏植物资源丰富,秋季季相景观明显,但冬季景观相对较为匮乏。登山道两侧可利用不同路段植物的差异性营造特色景观,增加观赏性较强的常绿树种、灌木类香花植物及观赏草本植物在登山道两侧的应用,提高草本层覆盖率,丰富登山道植物种类和四季景观,提升植物群落的多样性和稳定性。
Through the investigation of the current status of plant communities in the Zijin Mountain hiking trails,the plant community structure,diversity characteristics and ornamental characteristics were explored to provide a scientific method for the management of forest communities and the improvement of landscape quality.The results showed that there were 239 species on both sides of the hiking trails,belonging to 79 families and 171 genera,of which Nanjing native plants account for 85.77%.There were mostly native plants of Nanjing or ornamental trees on the top 10 trees of the important values of the arbor layer and shrub layer.The plant composition was dominated by deciduous trees,and the evergreen plants account for less.The plant community structure was dominated by the multi-layer structure model,and the density ratio of the shrubs was 1.36.The community structure was reasonable,but the coverage of the herb layer was relatively low.The average Dgl of species richness index of arbor layer and shrub layer was 8.027 0,and the average of Shannon-Wiener index was 1.828 0,and the average of Pielou evenness index was 0.406 9.The plant community had low uniformity,and the plant species had the characteristics of agglomeration distribution.There were abundant ornamental resources on both sides of the hiking trails,and the autumn season landscape was obvious,but the winter landscape was relatively scarce.The unique plant could be used on both sides of the hiking trails to create a distinctive landscape.The herb layer coverage and the application of evergreen tree species,scented plants and herbaceous plants could be increased to enrich the plant species and land-scape types,and enhance the diversity and stability of the plant community on both sides of the hiking trails.
作者
侯继萍
芦建国
HOU Jiping;LU Jianguo(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第23期86-92,共7页
Northern Horticulture
基金
江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A063)
关键词
紫金山
登山道
群落特征
Zijin Mountain
hiking trails
community characteristics
