摘要
目的探讨应用糖尿病仿真食物模型对接受血液透析治疗的终末期肾病(end stage renal disease,ESRD)患者进行饮食教育的效果。方法抽取2016年1月-2018年12月本院血液透析科接受维持性血液透析治疗的ESRD门诊患者80例,随机同期均分为两组,对照组和观察组各40例。对照组采取口头宣教、发放资料和电话随访等常规血液透析饮食管理健康教育,观察组在同对照组饮食教育中使用仿真食物模型指导其学会计算每天饮食所需的总热量并掌握食物分配方法。6个月后,通过问卷调查评价两组患者饮食知识掌握情况和及患者对教育模式的满意度。对比两组教育前后机体营养和肾功能生化指标检测结果。结果教育前,两组患者肾功能生化指标检测结果比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。教育后,两组患者肾功能指标血肌酐水平均低于本组教育前,观察组肾功能指标血肌酐水平较对照组下降更为明显(P <0.05);教育前后,两组患者营养指标中血红蛋白值和血清白蛋白均无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。教育后,观察组饮食知识掌握问卷调查结果显示的患者饮食知识掌握情况及满意度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论接受血液透析治疗的尿毒症患者通过运用仿真食物模型进行饮食自我管理教育,患者饮食知识掌握程度明显提高,通过饮食调控使透析效果更为理想,患者对饮食教育满意度提升。
Objective To explore the effect of dietary diabetes education on the use of hemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease(ESRD).Methods Eighty-eight ESRD outpatients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in our Department of Hemodialysis from January 2016 to December 2018 were randomly divided into two groups,40 in the control group and 40 in the observation group.The control group used routine hemodialysis diet management health education such as oral education,data distribution and telephone follow-up.The observation group used the simulated food model to guide the society to calculate the total calories required for daily diet and master the food distribution method.Six months later,the questionnaires were used to evaluate the dietary knowledge of the two groups of patients and the patient’s satisfaction with the educational model.The results of biochemical indicators of nutrients and renal function were compared before and after the two groups of education.Results Before the education,there was no significant difference in the results of renal biochemical indicators between the two groups(P > 0.05).After the education,the serum creatinine level of the renal function indexes of the two groups was lower than that of the group before the education.The serum creatinine level of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P < 0.05).Before and after the education,the nutritional indicators of the two groups were There was no significant change in hemoglobin value and serum albumin,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).After the education,the dietary knowledge of the observation group showed that the patient’s dietary knowledge and satisfaction were significantly better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusion The uremic patients who received hemodialysis treatment used the simulated food model for self-management education,and the degree of mastery of dietary knowledge of the patients was signi
作者
陈新新
CHEN Xinxin(Department of Hemodialysis,People's Hospital of Ganyu District,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222100,China)
出处
《中国继续医学教育》
2019年第35期160-163,共4页
China Continuing Medical Education
关键词
血液透析
终末期肾病
仿真食物模型
饮食教育
满意度
营养指标
hemodialysis
end-stage renal disease
simulated food model
diet education
satisfaction
nutritional index
