摘要
[目的/意义]对东北地区乡村产业空心化状况进行系统考察和深入研究,寻求破解之策。[方法/过程]采用文献整理和田野调查方法,描述东北地区乡村产业空心化特征,分析产生原因及其对乡村振兴的影响,进而提出应对策略。[结果/结论]乡村产业空心化是城镇化、工业化进程中的一种必然现象。城乡二元结构、城乡收入差距、设施服务短板、短期化同构化及不合理财政补贴是造成乡村产业空心化的主要原因。乡村产业空心化对乡村振兴影响主要表现为延缓农业现代化进程、影响乡村人居环境改善、扩大生态环境负向影响、加速乡村文化边缘化、增加乡村治理难度、加大农民增收不确定性。应对东北地区乡村产业空心化,需要优化区域布局和产业结构、促进小农户与新型经营主体有机衔接、以“人兴”引领产业扩容增量、加快形成多元投入格局、加强品牌建设、夯实乡村生态资源基础、争取国家相关政策支持。
[Purpose/significance]This paper makes a systematic examination and an in-depth study on hollowing-out of rural industry in northeast China,and seeks solutions to it.[Method/process]By the literature research and field investigation,this paper describes the hollowing-out characteristics of rural industry in northeast China and analyses the causes and impacts on rural vitalization,then puts forward the countermeasures.[Result/conclusion]The hollowing-out of rural industry is an inevitable phenomenon in the process of urbanization and industrialization.The main causes are urban-rural dual structure,income disparity between urban and rural areas,weak links in facility and service,short-term behavior and industry isomorphism as well as unreasonable financial subsidies.The hollowing-out of rural industry affects the rural vitalization mainly by delaying the process of agricultural modernization,hindering the improvement of rural residential environment,aggravating the negative impacts of ecological environment,accelerating the marginalization process of rural culture,multiplying difficulty in rural governance and increasing the uncertainty of farmers’income growth.To solve hollowing-out of rural industry in northeast China,it is necessary to take the optimization of regional distribution of rural industry and industrial structure,promote organic combination between small rural household and new types of business entity,revitalize human resource to lead the boost of industry volume,accelerate the formation of a diversified setup of fund investment,strengthen the brand building,consolidate foundation of rural ecological resources,and strive for relevant national policy support.
作者
赵勤
Zhao Qin(Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Social Sciences Chinese Association of Development Strategy Studies—Specialized Committee of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Harbin 150028)
出处
《智库理论与实践》
2019年第6期30-36,共7页
Think Tank:Theory & Practice
关键词
乡村产业空心化
乡村振兴
东北地区
影响
应对策略
hollowing-out of rural industry
rural vitalization
northeast China
impact countermeasure
