摘要
稀散矿产资源作为"三稀"矿产(稀散、稀有、稀土)的重要组成部分,对国民经济、国家安全和科技发展具有"四两拨千斤"的重要战略意义,是新一代信息技术、新能源生物、高端装备制造、新材料、新能源汽车等重点培育发展战略性新兴产业的功能材料和结构材料,也是现代工业、国防和尖端科技领域不可缺少的支撑材料。相对其它大宗金属,稀散金属往往分散难以成矿,需在特殊的地球化学背景下,经过更复杂地质过程才能富集成矿。初步研究表明,扬子板块西缘铟、锗、镓等稀散金属均发生了超常富集,构成了全球罕见的稀散金属聚集区,是研究稀散金属矿床的天然实验室和理想基地,扬子板块西缘具有什么样的特殊地球化学背景才能导致众多稀散矿床聚集。为了解决这一科学问题,本文以扬子西缘为研究区,实测了扬子西缘典型代表区(贵州)的元古界-中生界剖面,系统地对不同时代的地层样品进行了测试。结果表明,元古界地层的Ga、Ge、Se、Cd、In、Te、Re、Tl均值分别为9. 71×10^-6、0. 30×10^-6、1. 71×10^-6、0. 48×10^-6、0. 07×10^-6、0. 10×10^-6、0. 015×10^-6、0. 29×10^-6;古生界地层的Ga、Ge、Se、Cd、In、Te、Re、Tl均值分别为14. 70×10^-6、0. 35×10^-6、2. 36×10^-6、0. 23×10^-6、0. 06×10^-6、0. 08×10^-6、0. 014×10^-6、0. 69×10^-6;中生界地层的Ga、Ge、Se、Cd、In、Te、Re、Tl均值分别为9. 06×10^-6、0. 22×10^-6、2. 48×10^-6、0. 07×10^-6、0. 04×10^-6、0. 07×10^-6、0. 003×10^-6、0. 11×10^-6。结合稀散元素矿床分布特征,发现扬子板块西缘基底地层(除Ge),稀散元素背景总体不高,早寒武世是重要的稀散元素富集阶段,可能与这一时期发育的黑色岩系成矿系统有关,广泛分布的峨眉山玄武岩层一般有较高的稀散元素背景,可能是重要的矿源,Se或Cd或Ga的赋矿层位与高地球化学背景层位对应关系较好,其它元
Disperse metal mineral resources is an important part of the disperse,rare metal,and rare earth mineral resources. It is strategic significant to the national economy,national security and technology progress. In addition,disperse metal not only is the functional and structural materials in next generation information technology,biotechnology,high-end equipment manufacturing,new materials and new energy vehicles,but also is essential support material in modern industry,national defense and advanced technology fields. Disperse metal was too diffuse to mineralize relative to other bulk metal and disperse elements were concentrated to mineralization through more complicated geologic process under a special geochemical background. Preliminary research indicates that disperse elements( In,Ge,Ga) were super-richen on the western margin of the Yangtze plate and a rare ore-concentrated area of disperse metal was form in the world. Geologists use the ore-concentrated area as natural laboratories to study disperse metal deposit.So,what is the special geochemical background that motivates all kinds of disperse metal deposits to gather on the western margin of the Yangtze plate? To solve this problem,a Proterozoic-Mesozoic section measured in Guizhou area,as a typical area of the western margin of the Yangtze plate,was investigated systematically in this paper. The test results of Proterozoic strata show that the average value of Ga,Ge,Se,Cd,In,Te,Re and Tl was 9. 71 × 10^-6,0. 30 × 10^-6,1. 71 × 10^-6,0. 48 × 10^-6,0. 07 × 10^-6,0. 10 × 10^-6,0. 015× 10^-6 and 0. 29 × 10^-6,respectively;The test results of Paleozoic strata show that the average value of Ga,Ge,Se,Cd,In,Te,Re and Tl was 14. 70 × 10^-6,0. 35 × 10^-6,2. 36 × 10^-6,0. 23 × 10^-6,0. 06 × 10^-6,0. 08 × 10^-6,0. 014 × 10^-6,0. 69 × 10^-6,respectively;The test results of Mesozoic strata show that the average value of Ga,Ge,Se,Cd,In,Te,Re and Tl was 9. 063 × 10^-6,0. 216 × 10^-6,2. 475 × 10^-6,0. 065 × 10^-6,0. 042 × 10^-6,0. 068 × 10^-6,0. 003
作者
杜胜江
温汉捷
朱传威
罗重光
周正兵
杨志明
陈建书
朱勋
DU ShengJiang;WEN HanJie;ZHU ChuanWei;LUO ChongGuang;ZHOU ZhengBing;YANG ZhiMing;CHEN JianShu;ZHU Xun(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Chinese Academy of Geological Science,Beijing 100037,China;Guizhou Geological Survey,Guiyang 550018,China)
出处
《岩石学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期3355-3369,共15页
Acta Petrologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0602500)
国家自然科学基金项目(41903038、41962005)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合[2016]支撑2807)
贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局地质科研项目(黔地矿科合(2016)31号)联合资助．
关键词
稀散金属
扬子板块西缘
地球化学背景
超常富集
地层
Disperse metal
Western margin of the Yangtze plate
Geochemical background
Super-richening
Stratum
