摘要
基于统计数据构建滨海地区点源(工业废水和生活污水)和非点源(农用土地径流和畜禽养殖)污染物通量计算方法,依据地理信息将污染物排放量划分至入海河流,引入入海系数表征污染物从排放到入海过程中的衰减,从而得到各河流的污染物入海通量。应用该方法计算了2000-2014年天津市总氮和总磷的入海通量,结果显示:天津市年均总氮入海量为9940.7 t,年均总磷入海量为663.4 t;2012年总氮和总磷入海量均达到最大值,分别为12304.1 t和830.0 t;2000年总氮和总磷入海量均为最小值,分别为7604.1 t和494.0 t;天津市入海河流中,永定新河的污染物入海通量占比最大;总磷入海通量以农用土地径流和畜禽养殖来源较多,总氮入海通量的来源中点源和非点源各占一半;从污染来源区域分布来看,各区县污染物入海通量综合反映了人口数量、经济发展和污染治理等因素。保护天津市近岸海域环境,消减污染物入海通量,应该着重控制滨海新区的工业废水污染、海河区域的生活污水污染、永定新河区域的农用土地径流污染和畜禽养殖污染。
An estimation method to calculate the pollutant load into sea from point sources(industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater)and non-point sources(agricultural land runoff and livestock industry)for coastal area has been constructed using statistical data.Pollutant load from each sub-region has been divided into several rivers based on geographic information.And attenuation coefficients have also been adopted to calculate the pollutant load into sea for each river.These coefficients represent the decay of pollutants from their origin to sea.The method was applied to calculate total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)load into sea from Tianjin from 2000 to 2014.The results show that:annual-mean TN and TP load into sea are 9940.7 t and 663.4 t respectively;in 2012 both TN and TP flux into sea reach the maximum,which are 12304.1 t and 830.0 t respectively;in 2000 both TN and TP flux into sea are minimum,which are 7604.1 t and 494.0 t;the pollutant load into sea through Yongdingxin river occupy the largest proportion of the whole pollutant load into sea from Tianjin;agricultural land runoff and livestock industry take up most of TP load into sea while TN load into sea from each source is very close with each other;pollutant load into sea from each sub-region synthetically reflects factors such as population,economic development and pollution abatement.To protect the nearshore environment of Tianjin,industrial wastewater pollution from Binhai New District,domestic wastewater pollution from Haihe river and agricultural land runoff and livestock industry pollution from Yongdingxin river should be controlled mainly to reduce pollutant load into sea.
作者
刘汉霖
聂红涛
王雅丽
孙雪
魏皓
LIU Han-lin;NIE Hong-tao;WANG Ya-li;SUN Xue;WEI Hao(School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
出处
《海洋环境科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期968-976,共9页
Marine Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目课题“渤黄海高分辨率生态环境数值模拟与预报”(2016YFC1401602)
天津市自然科学基金项目“环渤海大规模围填影响下天津近海水交换规律及动力机制”(16JCYBJC23000)
关键词
污染物入海通量
统计数据
点源污染
非点源污染
滨海地区
pollutant load into sea
statistical data
point source pollution
non-point source pollution
coastal area
