摘要
目的探讨结核性胸腔积液患者心电图的表现与特点。方法选取2015年1月~2019年1月我院收治的结核性胸腔积液患者90例,抽液治疗前均行常规心电图检查,分析心电图异常特点。结果心电图异常占74.4%,60岁以上心电图异常发生率高于60岁及以下患者(P<0.05);左侧、右侧以及双侧胸腔积液患者心电图异常发生比较,无明显差异(P>0.05);大量胸腔积液患者心电图异常发生率高于中量及少量胸腔积液患者(P<0.05),中量胸腔积液患者心电图异常发生率高于少量胸腔积液患者(P<0.05);心电图异常类型为:窦性心动过速(49.3%)、QRS波群低电压(28.4%)、T波改变(16.4%)。QRS波群低电压患者中10例患者为左胸导联低电压,左侧结核性胸腔积液7例,占70.0%,左胸导联低电压心电图异常中胸腔积液左侧明显高于右侧(P<0.05),右侧胸腔积液1例,占10.0%,双侧胸腔积液2例,占20.0%。其中9例肢体导联低电压,分析其胸腔积液位置,右侧胸腔积液6例,占66.7%,双侧胸腔积液3例,占33.3%,未发现左侧胸腔积液患者,肢体导联低电压心电图异常结核性胸腔积液右侧明显高于左侧(P<0.05)。结论心电图改变受结核性胸腔积液量、年龄影响。心电图异常类型为:窦性心动过速、QRS波群低电压、T波改变。QRS波群低电压时受胸腔积液位置的影响。
Objective To investigate the performance and observation of electrocardiogram in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion. Methods A total of 90 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion admitted to our hospital from January2015 to January 2019 were enrolled. The routine supine ECG was performed before the drainage treatment. The abnormal characteristics of ECG were analyzed. Results The rate of abnormal ECG was 74.4%. The abnormal incidence of ECG over 60 years old was higher than that of patients aged 60 years and younger(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ECG abnormalities between left, right and bilateral pleural effusions(P>0.05). The incidence of abnormal electrocardiogram was higher in the patients with large pleural effusion than that of patients with moderate and small pleural effusion(P<0.05), and the incidence of abnormal electrocardiogram was higher in patients with moderate pleural effusion than that of patients with small pleural effusion(P<0.05). The abnormal type of electrocardiogram was that 49.3%in sinus tachycardia, 28.4% in the QRS complex low voltage, and 16.4% in T wave change. Among the QRS low voltage patients, 10 patients had left chest lead low voltage, and 7 cases had left tuberculous pleural effusion, accounting for 70.0%. The chest lead voltage of left pleural effusion was significantly higher than that of the right side(P<0.05). There was 1 case of right pleural effusion, accounting for 10.0%, 2 cases of bilateral pleural effusion, accounting for 20.0%.There were 9 cases of limb lead low voltage, and pleural effusion position was analyzed, 6 cases of right pleural effusion, accounting for 66.7%, and 3 cases of bilateral pleural effusion, accounting for 33.3%. No left pleural effusion was found. The limb lead voltage of right pleural effusion was significantly higher than that of the left side(P<0.05). Conclusion ECG changes are affected by the amount tuberculous pleural effusion and age. The types of abnormal ECG are sinus tachycardia, QRS complex low voltage, T wave
作者
周翠梅
ZHOU Cuimei(Electrocardiogram Room,Shantou Third People's Hospital in Guangdong Province,Shantou 515073,China)
出处
《中国现代医生》
2019年第31期86-88,92,共4页
China Modern Doctor
关键词
结核性胸腔积液
心电图
心电图异常
Tuberculous pleural effusion
Electrocardiogram
Abnormal ECG
