摘要
2017年4~7月,对会仙湿地的3种农田沟渠(无硬质化沟渠、半硬质化沟渠和全硬质化沟渠)中的仔稚鱼群聚进行了调查;在3种农田沟渠中,共布设了10个采样点,于8个采样日,采集了仔稚鱼样本;采用无度量多维排序方法,分析仔稚鱼群聚的结构特征;采用广义线性模型(generalized linear models,GLM)和冗余分析(redundancy analysis,RDA)方法,研究仔稚鱼群聚与环境因子的关系。研究结果表明,在3种农田沟渠中,共发现15种仔稚鱼,隶属4目7科14属;3种农田沟渠中的仔稚鱼群聚结构无显著差异;除5月7日和21日外,4月30日与其它采样日的仔稚鱼群聚差异显著(n=72,p<0.05),5月7日与7月采样日的仔稚鱼群聚差异显著(n=72,p<0.05),其它采样日的仔稚鱼群聚间无显著差异;3种农田沟渠中的仔稚鱼群聚间的物种数、个体数和多样性指数都无显著差异,物种数(n=72,p<0.01)、Shannon指数(n=72,p<0.05)分别与沟渠的水深显著正相关,个体数分别与沟渠水深(n=72,p<0.01)、pH(n=72,p<0.05)显著正相关;沟渠宽度、水深和水体pH是影响3种农田沟渠中仔稚鱼群聚的主要因子。硬质化沟渠会影响水生植物的生长,不利于水质净化,并加剧了食蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)的入侵程度。为了保护、恢复农田沟渠的生态功能,维护会仙湿地生物多样性和生态平衡,建议有关部门选择性地对部分沟渠进行硬质化改造,保留部分自然沟渠,同时要加强对外来物种(如食蚊鱼)的监测和管理。
To clarify the larval and juvenile fish assemblages from farmland ditches in Huixian wetlands,a total of 10 sampling sites were chosen from three types of farmland ditches(non-embankment ditches,semi-embankment ditches,embankment ditches).Larval and juvenile fish were collected from 10 sampling sites for 8 days from April to July,2017.The characteristics and variations of larval and juvenile fish assemblages were analyzed by non-metric multidimensional scaling method and the relationship between larval and juvenile fish assemblages and environmental factors was studied by generalized linear model and redundancy analysis methods.The results showed that a total of 15 fish species were collected,belonging to14 genera,7 families and 4 orders;the larval and juvenile fish assemblages between 3 kinds of types of farmland ditches had no significant difference;the larval and juvenile fish assemblages on April 30 were significantly different from those of other sampling days except May 7 and May 21(n=72,p<0.05).The larval and juvenile fish assemblages on May 7 were significantly different from those of sampling days in July(n=72,p<0.05);however,there was no significant difference among other sampling days;there were no significant differences in species richness,fish abundance and diversity indices between different farmland ditches;both species richness(n=72,p<0.01)and Shannon index(n=72,p<0.05)were positively related to the depth,and fish abundance was positively correlated with the depth and pH(n=72,p<0.05);ditch width,water depth and pH were the main environmental factors which affected larval and juvenile fish assemblages from farmland ditches in Huixian wetlands.The embankment of farmland ditches could affect the growth of aquatic vegetation,which failed to improve the water quality and aggravated the invasion of Gambusia affinis.Therefore,it is suggested that the revetment of farmland ditches in some places can be carried out,and the natural farmland ditches should be reserved,which aims to protect and restore the e
作者
黄欣
黄腾浩
曹家硕
陈旭
庞果胤
何世昕
黄亮亮
HUANG Xin;HUANG Tenghao;CAO Jiashuo;CHEN Xu;PANG Guoyin;HE Shixin;HUANG Liangliang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,P.R.China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,P.R.China;Cooperative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Areas,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期573-581,共9页
Wetland Science
基金
广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNFAA380104和2018GXNSFAA281022)
广西科技计划项目(桂科AD18126018)
广西“八桂学者”岗位专项项目资助
关键词
农田沟渠
仔稚鱼群聚
环境因子
会仙湿地
farmland ditch
larval and juvenile fish assemblages
environmental factor
Huixian wetlands
