摘要
近世诸多“尊戴”、“释戴”性作品对于戴震哲学颇多推重,但现代新儒家对戴震哲学评价很低,认为戴震“达情遂欲”的道德哲学局限于知性运用和情欲满足,未能就情欲的限制、超越界的关怀和形上学的根据给出圆满解释,因而批评戴学是一种缺少贞定基础和规范性的情欲主义、精于算计的功利主义。其实,这一批评明显带有某种形而上学基础主义的定见。在戴震“人道本于性,性原于天道”的理论架构中,其“道赅理气”且具有先天道德完满性的天道论,通过“人道遡之天道”的天人关系论,以一种十分经济朴素的自然合目的论形式为其人性论和伦理学奠定了本体论基础。这在清儒形上思维普遍衰降和道德异化之时代,殊为难得,应予充分肯定。
Dai Zhen s philosophy is highly valued by many works in modern times while the modern neo-Confucian appraisal of his philosophy is very low,which believes that his moral philosophy fails to give a satisfactory explanation on the limitation of lust,the care of transcendence,and the basis of metaphysics.Thus,it is criticized as a utilitarianism,normative sentimentalism and scheming utilitarianism.In fact,the criticism,in some degree,has stereotyped views of metaphysical fundamentalism.However,the view of nature law and the relationship between heaven and humans constitute Dai Zhen s theory—a very economical and simple form of natural integration theory which lays the foundation for the pursuit of human nature and ethics.This is particularly evident in the era of the general decline of morality and moral alienation in the Confucianism,which should be given full affirmation.
作者
孙邦金
SUN Bang-jin(Institute of Philosophy and Culture,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China)
出处
《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2019年第6期12-19,共8页
Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“儒家仁学与共同体美德振兴研究”(18BZX080)的研究成果
关键词
戴震
天道观
道德形上学
天人关系论
自然合目的论
Dai Zhen
view of nature law
moral metaphysics
theory of relationship between man and nature
purposiveness of nature
