摘要
价值转形问题即价值如何转化为生产价格、剩余价值如何转化为利润,是马克思主义经济学最重要的问题之一,引发了一个多世纪以来规模庞大的论战。本文给出了价值转形满足“两个总量相等”的一个充要条件,并且在价值转形A体系下给出了马克思的价值转形算法满足“两个总量相等”的充要条件。这些充要条件的导出,事实上否定了萨缪尔森给出的条件及他对劳动价值论的断言。另外,各种不同价值转形算法都有非常接近的数学框架。本文进一步以价值转形A体系为基础,比较不同价值转形算法的“附加条件”,分析这些算法转形结果的合理性和局限性。在现有价值转形算法特别是冯金华算法基础上,本文发展了一个新的考虑不同部门劳动复杂度差异,同时放宽“各部门剩余价值率相等”假设的价值转形算法,这个算法的转形结果具有良好的性质。
The problem of value transformation,that is,how to transform value into production price and surplus value into profit,is one of the most important issues in Marxist economics,which also triggered a huge debate lasting for more than a century.In this paper,we give a necessary and sufficient condition for value transformation to satisfy the“two sums are equal”,and give a sufficient and necessary condition for Marx's value transformation algorithm to satisfy the“two sums are equal”under the system of value transformation A.In fact,the derivation of these necessary and sufficient conditions negates the conditions given by Samuelson and his assertion on Labor Theory of Value.In addition,all kinds of value transformation algorithms are under very close mathematical frameworks.Based on the system of value transformation A,we compare the“additional conditions”of different value transformation algorithms,and analyze the rationality and limitations of the results derived from these algorithms.Based on the existing value transformation algorithm,especially FENG Jinhua's algorithm,this paper develops a new value transformation algorithm,which considers the difference in labor complexity of different departments and relaxes the assumption that the surplus value ratio of each department is equal.The result of this algorithm has good properties.
作者
王艺明
赵建
WANG Yiming;ZHAO Jian(Xiamen University,Xiamen,China)
出处
《经济学动态》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第11期34-49,共16页
Economic Perspectives
