摘要
普陀山是中国佛教四大名山之一,历来认为其佛教宗派在清初经历了改律为禅的变化。实际上史料中存在着大量与此矛盾的表述,今日这种习以为常的认知,是清初禅宗法脉入山后宗派意识凸显下的一种建构,此前该山并不属律宗。由于不属法统的原剃度派僧人仍在两寺之中,编修《普陀山志》的儒家士人需要考虑如何处理两者之间的关系,于是援引《宋史》中《道学》《儒林》两传分立的体例,将其谱系记载分为《法统》《释系》两部分,并确定了《法统》居于《释系》之上的基调。一般认为,儒家道统之说源自禅宗传灯观念,山志的处理办法反映的则是儒家对普陀山佛教的资源回馈。时过境迁,纂修山志的儒家士人对此已不甚明了。对清初普陀山易律为禅与宗派书写过程加以考察,有利于反思佛教史上已有的种种表述、话语。
The Putuo Mountain is one of the four Buddhist shrines of China.It was generally acknowledged that the two monasteries in Putuo Mountain were changed from Vinaya to Chan in the early years of the Qing Dynasty.However,many contradictory facts in historical records were neglected.The traditional view about two monasteries’s sect was wrong,it was the product of sectarian consciousness after the Chan Transmission’s introduction to Putuo Mountain.Then,Putuo Mountain’s Monks were divided into two categories when Confucians were editing Putuo Mountain’s local gazetteer,one was Transmission lineages,the other was Shixi.The transmission lineages were higher-ranking.This method came from Song Shi,in this book,Confucians were divided into two categories,one is Daoxuezhuan,the other was Rulinzhuan.The Confucian Orthodoxy often was considered to come from the concept of Chan’s Chuandeng,but the two categories in Putuo Mountain local gazetteer should be seen as Confucianism's contribution to Putuo Mountain’s Buddhism.The research on these issues will provide a deeper reflection on the narration in the History of Buddhism.
作者
李伟
LI Wei(Yuelu Academy,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)
出处
《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期119-124,共6页
Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)
基金
“中央高校基本科研业务费”资助项目
关键词
普陀山
易律为禅
法统
清代
Putuo Mountain
from Vinaya to Chan
transmission lineages
Qing Dynasty
