摘要
针对车轮的实际运行工况,将受轮轴过盈装配、轴重产生的轮轨静态力和车轮高速旋转产生的离心力作为车轮预应力;以复兴号高速动车组拖车车轮为例,先利用有限元软件ANSYS建立基于预应力的车轮非线性接触有限元模型,对其进行静力学分析、模态分析和频响分析,再将有限元分析得到的车轮位移导纳结果作为振动声辐射耦合分析的边界条件,采用声学软件Virtual.lab Acoustic建立车轮边界元模型,对比研究有无预应力下的高速列车车轮振动的声功率级、声辐射效率和声辐射指向性等声辐射特性。结果表明:基于预应力的车轮非线性有限元模型可相对准确地反映车轮的实际边界状态;由于考虑预应力,高速列车车轮的本征特性和振动响应均有所改变,直接影响车轮的振动声辐射特性,有无预应力下的振动声辐射特性具有显著差异,考虑预应力因素下进行高速列车车轮振动声辐射特性分析更准确。
According to the actual running condition of the wheel, the wheel-rail static force generated by axle interference assembly and axle load as well as the centrifugal force produced by high-speed wheel rotation were regarded as the wheel prestress. Taking the trailer wheel of Fuxing high-speed EMU as an example, firstly, the finite element software ANSYS was used to establish the nonlinear contact finite element model of the wheel based on prestress to carry out static analysis, modal analysis and frequency response analysis. Then, the results of wheel displacement admittance obtained by finite element analysis were taken as the boundary conditions for the coupling analysis vibration and acoustic radiation. The wheel boundary element model was established by using the acoustic software Virtual.lab Acoustic, and the acoustic radiation characteristics such as acoustic power level, acoustic radiation efficiency and acoustic radiation directivity of high-speed train wheels with and without prestress were compared and studied. Results show that the nonlinear finite element model of the wheel based on prestress can reflect the actual boundary state of the wheel relatively accurately. Considering prestress, both the intrinsic characteristics and vibration response of high-speed train wheels are changed, which directly affects the vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics of wheels. The vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics with and without prestress are significantly different. It is more accurate to analyze the vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics of high-speed train wheels considering prestress.
作者
韩立
辜小安
伍向阳
刘兰华
李晏良
邵琳
宣晓梅
HAN Li;GU Xiaoan;WU Xiangyang;LIU Lanhua;LI Yanliang;SHAO Lin;XUAN Xiaomei(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Energy Saving&Environmental Protection&Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期86-94,共9页
China Railway Science
基金
中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题(2015G009-A)
中国铁道科学研究院科研开发基金项目(2017YJ109)
关键词
高速列车
车轮预应力
振动声辐射
轮轴过盈配合
轮轨静态力
High-speed train
Wheel prestress
Vibration and acoustic radiation
Axle interference fit
Wheel-rail static force
