摘要
生态哲学范式经历了从人类中心主义到生态中心主义的第一次飞越性转变,但是还是没有摆脱西方哲学主客二分的思维框架,也就无法改变人与自然界的对立关系。未来生态哲学的发展还需要实现从生态中心主义到无中心主义的第二次飞越,才能真正建构人与自然界的和谐发展模式。西南少数民族生态哲学的“物我同源”本体论、“天人合一”自然观、“我亦物也”价值观和“顺应自然”实践观中所蕴藏的无中心主义思想,为生态哲学的发展指明了方向,为构建生态文明社会提供了非常值得深思的理论进路。
Anthropocentrism,which has long served as the mainstream paradigm of western ecological philosophy,advocates that human beings are the center of the world and dominate all things in the world.As such,human beings are the only object of human ethical and moral concern.As a representative of ecocentrism,deep ecology fiercely criticizes anthropocentrism.Deep ecology regards the value of anthropocentrism as“shallow ecology”,and believes that its overly optimistic attitude towards science and technology is wrong.In the view of deep ecology,the cause of the environmental crisis is not only science and technology,therefore,the progress of science and technology is not the only way to solve the crisis.Behind the environmental problems are deep-rooted and multifaceted problems such as human ethics,legal consciousness and religious beliefs.The development of western ecological philosophy first experienced the leap from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism,which realized the paradigmatic shift from anthropocentrism to nature-centered.Ecocentrism strongly opposes the core idea of anthropocentrism,which advocates human beings as the center of the world,and it has been trying to eradicate the so-called“center”of anthropocentrism.However,when it advocates that the overall interests of nature are higher than the individual interests of human beings,it actually puts nature in the“center”position.Its value still does not eliminate the thinking mode of Western philosophy which highlights the dichotomy of subject and object.Ecocentrism is nothing more than turn the anthropocentrism viewpoint that“man is the purpose and nature is the tool”into“nature is the purpose and man is the tool”.Both anthropocentrism and ecocentrism regard nature as the world of objects,and regard themselves as existential things that are free from nature.All human actions of conquering and transforming nature are regarded as actions reflecting their own values.Thus,the key to solving the ecological crisis problem must completely subvert the“s
作者
夏文利
刘松涛
Xia Wenli;Liu Songtao(School of Marxism,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期24-30,101-104,共11页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“深层生态学视域中西南少数民族生态哲学研究”(17BZX036)
西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目“道家生态哲学思想研究”(11SZYBS03)阶段性成果
关键词
生态哲学
西南少数民族
人类中心主义:深层生态学
无中心主义
ecological philosophy
ethnic minorities in Southwest China
anthropocentrism:deep ecology
Non-Centralism
