摘要
采用单因素梯度实验设计方法,研究双螺杆挤压膨化加工鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)慢沉性饲料的制作工艺,并通过饲养实验确定鳙幼鱼对饲料蛋白的适宜需求量。结果显示:饲料加工过程中物料的水分含量、脂肪含量和机筒温度对鳙饲料的下沉速度(SV)和糊化度有显著影响。当物料水分含量控制在25%、脂肪含量控制在7%~9%和机筒温度控制在90→115→130℃时,鳙饲料具有糊化度高、下沉速度慢的特性,适合鳙的摄食需求。在此工艺基础上,以酪蛋白和白鱼粉为主要蛋白源,制作蛋白质含量分别为20%、25%、30%、35%、40%和45%的6种配合饲料,饲养初始重6.0 g的鳙90 d,以增重率(WG)和特定生长率(SGR)为主要指标,评价饲料蛋白质水平对鳙生长的影响。结果表明,随着饲料蛋白质水平的升高,鳙的增重率和特定生长率均增加,当饲料蛋白水平为35%时达到峰值。采用二次曲线模型分析,确定鳙对饲料蛋白质的适宜需求量为34.65%~34.88%。
Single factor gradient experiment design method was adopted to study the twin-screw extruding processing technic on slowly sinking feed processing parameters and the suitable dietary protein requirement of bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis).The moisture content and lipid content in pellets and extruding barrel temperature had significant effects on the sinking velocity(SV)and gelatinisation of the bighead carp pellets.When the pellets moisture content controlled at 25% and lipid content controlled at 7%-9%,extruding barrel temperature controlled at 90→115→130℃,the starch gelatinisation degree of bighead carp pellets became higher,and the sinking velocity became slower.Based on the above studies,six diets were formulated with different dietary protein levels(20%,25%,30%,35%,40%,and 45%,respectively)and then produced.These diets were used for feeding bighead carp of the initial weight of 6.0 g for 90 days.The optimum dietary protein requirement of bighead carp was determined with the weight gain(WG)and the specific growth rate(SGR)as the main index.Results showed that,with the increase of dietary protein level,bighead carp WG and SGR increased,and reached a peak when the dietary protein level at about 35%(P<0.05).With protein content as a dependent variable and the weight gain or specific growth rate as a variable,the quadratic regression analysis results showed that the optimal dietary protein level for bighead carp was determined to be 34.65%-34.88%.
作者
刘磊
王辅臣
黄峰
李建文
胡先勤
冯伟
王燕
LIU Lei;WANG Fu-chen;HUANG Feng;LI Jian-wen;HU Xian-qin;FENG Wei;WANG Yan(School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430040,China;Zhanyou Biotechnology Co.Ltd of Hubei Province,Xiaogan 432016,Hubei,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期75-81,共7页
Freshwater Fisheries
