摘要
鉴于橡胶生产上已越来越多采用自根幼态无性系苗和籽苗芽接苗新型种植材料,本研究开展了针对这2种新型种植材料橡胶幼树的施肥试验。结果表明:(1)自根无性系幼树比芽接幼树的干物质积累量较高,在4个施肥水平中,分别高25.4%、32.1%、66.7%和32.9%,其中,除水平1(不施肥)外,其他均相应达到极显著差异。(2)2种幼树的整株NPK累积量均随施肥量增加呈先升高后下降趋势。其中,除芽接幼树叶片的全氮累积量高于其他营养器官外,2种幼树各器官的NPK累积量均在茎干中较高,侧根中较低,且自根无性系幼树的NPK养分年累积量均高于芽接幼树,养分累积量顺序均表现为全氮>全钾>全磷。(3)2种橡胶幼树的NPK肥料利用率均随施肥量的增加呈下降趋势,均表现在低量施肥处理下较高,且从大到小顺序为钾肥>氮肥>磷肥。
Two new planting materials,including mini-seeding budding seedlings and self-rooting juvenile are planted more and more widely in natural rubber cultivation.However,nutritional characteristics of the two new planting materials are still unclear.In this study,fertilizer test was carried out to study how the two planting materials responding to different fertilizer rates in dry matter accumulation(DMA),and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation(NPKA),as well as fertilizer use efficiency(FUE).Results indicated that(1)DMA in self-rooting juvenile was significantly higher(P<0.01)than that in mini-seeding budding seedlings at fertilization level 2,3,4,and DMA increased by 32.1%,66.7%,32.9%,respectively.(2)NPKA of the two planting materials both increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer rate.Also,NPKA of different organs of the two planting materials were both high in stem and low in lateral root except nitrogen accumulation of leaf of mini-seeding budding seedlings.Nitrogen accumulation was the largest,followed by potassium accumulation,and phosphorus accumulation was the least.Overall,NPKA of self-rooting juvenile was higher than mini-seeding budding seedlings.(3)FUE of the two planting materials both decreased with the increase of fertilizer rate.FUE of potassium was the highest,followed by nitrogen,and phosphorus was the lowest.
作者
贝美容
蔡隽
戚春林
林清火
罗微
刘海林
茶正早
BEI Meirong;CAI Jun;QI Chunlin;LIN Qinghuo;LUO Wei;LIU Hailin;CHA Zhengzao(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期2105-2111,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(No.CARS-33-ZP-2)
关键词
橡胶幼树
新型种植材料
施肥效应
养分累积量
肥料利用率
rubber seedlings
new planting materials
fertilization effects
nutrient accumulation
fertilizer use efficiency
