摘要
【目的】秦岭山地是铅锌矿重要分布区,铅锌矿的开采导致铅锌元素以不同形式扩散。林地土壤中铅锌元素的累积对森林生态系统服务功能有显著影响。【方法】以秦岭山地广布的华山松和锐齿栎天然林为研究对象,测定并分析了两种不同龄组林分林地土壤Pb、Zn含量及分布特征,并以陕西省土壤环境背景值为标准,采用单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法,评价了Pb、Zn污染状况。【结果】结果表明:(1)锐齿栎林地0~40 cm土层Pb平均含量显著高于华山松林地;两种林分幼龄林林地土壤Pb含量均最低;中龄锐齿栎林地土壤Pb含量高于同林分其它龄组;除0~10 cm土层外,中龄华山松林地土壤Zn含量低于同林分其它龄组;两种林分Pb、Zn含量在0~40cm土层无明显垂直分布特征。(2)华山松天然林地0~40 cm土层的Zn含量与土壤C:N显著正相关,与土壤N:P则极显著负相关;锐齿栎天然林地0~40 cm土层的Pb含量与土壤N:P比极显著正相关。(3)华山松中龄林和锐齿栎林林地土壤中Pb的单项污染等级为重度污染,其余为中度污染;锐齿栎中龄林土壤的内梅罗综合污染为重度污染,其余各林分为中度污染;两种林分土壤中Zn的单项污染污染等级均为为警戒级和安全。【结论】树种、林龄和土壤化学计量特征对天然林林地土壤Pb、Zn的积累有一定影响;林地土壤铅污染必须受到重视。
【Objective】The Qinling Mountains are important distribution areas of Pb-Zn mines,the mining of which lead to the diffusion of Pb and Zn in different forms. And the accumulation of Pb and Zn in forest soils has a significant impact on the service functions of forest ecosystems.【Method】The contents of Pb and Zn and distribution characteristics in the forest soils of different age groups were determined and analyzed by using the natural forests of P. armandii and Q. aliena var. acuteserrata. Based on the soil background values of Shaanxi Province,the pollution status of Pb and Zn in natural forest soil were evaluated by the single factor pollution index and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution.【Result】Results showed that the Pb content in 0-40 cm soil layer of Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forest was higher than that in P. armandii forest significantly. The soil Pb content of the two stands was the lowest in the young stage,and the soil Pb content in the middle-aged Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forest was higher than that in other age groups. The soil Zn content in middle-aged P.armandii forest is lower than that in other age groups,except 0-10 cm soil layer. The Zn content in the 0-40 cm soil layer of P.armandii natural forest was significantly positively correlated with soil C:N,and extremely negatively correlated with soil N:P.The Pb content in the 0-40 cm soil layer of Q. aliena var. acuteserrata natural forest was significantly positively correlated with the N:P. Based on Shaanxi soil element background values,the single pollution level of soil Pb in the middle-aged P.armandi and all age groups of Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forest were in heavy pollution,and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution grade was in medium pollution level;the single pollution level of Zn in the two forest soils were in alert level and clean level.【Conclusion】Therefore,tree species,forest age and soil stoichiometric characteristics affect the accumulation of Pb and Zn in natural forest soil and the effect of Pb in natural for
作者
杨圆圆
张东宏
董振洁
侯琳
张胜利
YANG Yuan-yuan;ZHANG Dong-hong;DONG Zhen-jie;HOU Lin;ZHANG Sheng-li(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100;Qinling National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Ningshan 711603;College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《温带林业研究》
2019年第3期45-51,共7页
Journal of Temperate Forestry Research
基金
国家林业科技创新项目“华山松优质建筑用材林高效培育技术研究”(No.2017YFD0600504-2)
关键词
秦岭
龄组
土壤重金属
土壤化学计量特征
污染评价
Qinling Mountains
forest age
soil heavy metals
soil stoichiometric characteristics
pollution assessment
