摘要
龙眼是起源于中国热带地区的一种珍贵水果树木,龙眼木密实硬重、纹理细腻、材质坚韧、材色名贵,是优良的雕刻和家具用材。为进一步提高其利用价值,通过扫描电镜技术研究了龙眼木的超微观构造特征。以龙眼木超微观特征为素材,采用分形图案设计等方法,创作木材美学图案。然后根据木材美学图案,开展以龙眼木构造特征为美学元素的艺术作品设计,从而发掘龙眼木的美学利用价值。扫描电镜分析结果表明,龙眼木生长轮不明显,为散孔材,单管孔、径列复管孔或管孔团。导管为单穿孔,管间纹孔式为互列,纹孔为椭圆形或多角形,纹孔内口外延,多出现几个外延纹孔口相连合生的状态,在导管内壁形成长条形凹槽,且离穿孔越近,合生纹孔口的凹槽越长,以至于在靠近穿孔的区域演变为类似密集螺纹加厚的构造。龙眼木的木射线较细,肉眼下不明显,多为单列射线,偶有多列,高2~14个细胞。射线细胞全为横卧细胞,截面为方形或椭圆形,胞腔内多含有珍珠般晶莹泛亮的淀粉颗粒。龙眼木的轴向薄壁组织为环管和傍管带状,带宽4~6个细胞,细胞腔内多含有菱形晶体。龙眼木中有些超微观构造特征,如导管内壁上特殊的合生纹孔口结构和木射线薄壁细胞腔内珍珠般淀粉颗粒,除了具有树木生理和木材鉴别方面的意义,还具有很好的审美价值,可以作为美学元素,应用于装饰挂画和手包等生活用品的美饰设计。
Longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)is a type of precious fruit tree originating in tropical China.At present,Longan trees are mainly distributed in southern and southwestern provinces of China.They have also been planted in Vietnam,Thailand,Singapore,and other south and southeast Asian countries.In addition,there is a small amount of Longan trees distributed in the United States,Brazil and other American countries.The Longan wood is dense and hard,with fine and tough texture,and precious color.It has always been an excellent material for sculpture and furniture.In order to further improve its utilization value,the ultrastructure of Longan wood was studied by the scanning electron microscope(SEM).Taking the ultrastructural features of Longan wood as basis materials,and using fractal pattern design and other methods,wood aesthetic patterns were created.Then,according to the wood aesthetic patterns,the artistic work with the structural features of Longan wood as aesthetic elements was designed to explore the aesthetic value of Longan wood.The SEM analysis showed that the Longan wood belonged to the diffuse-porous wood,its growth ring was not distinct,and there were solitary pores,radial multiple pores or pore clusters on the cross section.The vessels of the Longan wood were simple perforated,and the intertubular pits were ellipse or polygon shaped with alternate pitting mode.The inner apertures of the intertubular pits extended,and the extended apertures of several pits often connected together,forming long strip grooves on the inner wall surfaces of vessel elements,which were called as coalescent apertures.The closer to the perforation,the longer the groove strips of the coalescent apertures were formed,so that the grooves of the coalescent apertures just next to the perforation evolved into a structure similar to the dense threads of spiral thickenings.The rays of the Longan wood were not obvious under the naked eye,which were mostly uniseriate and occasionally multiseriate(2-4 seriate),with a height of 2-14 cells.The
作者
罗帆
黄腾华
毛铁
LUO Fan;HUANG Tenghua;MAO Tie(Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,China;XingJian College of Science and Liberal Arts of Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期36-41,共6页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
Guangxi Innovation Driven Development Major Special Sub Project(Guike AA17204087-13)~~
