摘要
科学仪器的发展为国家科技创新提供了战略支撑,国家的资助计划又是促进科学仪器研发的资金来源和战略指引。分析和总结创新型国家关于科学仪器的资助政策和特点,有利于了解世界先进国家科学仪器的发展规律,为优化和完善中国科学仪器资助体制提供可以借鉴的经验。本文对美日英德法等国家科学仪器的发展战略、优先领域、资助计划与体系等方面进行了调研和分析,总结发现世界创新型国家的仪器发展计划具有以下共性特点:拥有长期规划与发展定位;优先领域契合国家发展战略;面向机构资助与共享使用管理;注重科学仪器的成果转化。
The development of scientific instruments is the strategic support of national science and technology innovation,while the national funding is the financial support and strategic guidance for scientific instrument innovation.As we all know,analysis of the advanced national funding policies of scientific instruments is beneficial to understand the development laws of scientific instruments in the world s advanced countries,and it might provide many valuable lessons for optimizing the scientific instrument funding system in China.This paper investigates and analyzes the development strategies,priority areas,funding programs and systems of national scientific instruments in advanced countries,such as America,Japan,Britain,Germany and France.The following conclusions are drawn:①The advanced innovative countries have a long-term plan and development strategy;②Priority funded areas of scientific instruments are in line with national development strategies;③The priority of Program is research institutions,and the funded scientific instruments should be under shared-use management;④The programs of advanced innovative countries focus on the market transformation of scientific instruments.
作者
李坤
韩焱
王鉴
顾灏
张兆田
宋朝晖
Li Kun;Han Yan;Wang Jian;Gu Hao;Zhang Zhaotian;Song Zhaohui(Science and Technology on Electronic Test&Measurement Laboratory,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Signal Capturing and Processing,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Key Laboratory of Instrument Science&Dynamic Measurement of Ministry of Education,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Information Science Department,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第11期172-179,共8页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
国家自然科学基金应急管理项目“信息领域重大科研仪器研制项目发展调研”(61842103)
关键词
创新型先进国家
科学仪器
资助政策
Innovative advanced country
Scientific instrument
National funding policy
