摘要
为了探寻快速筛选节水高产小麦品种的形态和生理指标,以黄淮冬麦区2003-2013国审或省审及两个对照品种共102份小麦品种为材料,设全生育期不灌水(T0)、灌拔节水(T1)、灌拔节+灌浆水(T2)三种灌水模式,检测了不同灌水模式下小麦的产量、形态和生理特性及其关系。结果表明,T1较T0处理通过增加穗数和穗粒数提高产量,T2较T1处理通过增加粒重提高产量。T1明显增加株高、旗叶的面积、周长、长和宽;T2处理小幅增加株高,对旗叶形态影响年度间不一致。T1和T2处理明显增加冠层温差。T1处理对灌浆后期小麦旗叶叶绿素含量影响年度间不一致,T2处理提高叶绿素含量。T0条件下,产量与冠层温差呈显著正相关;T1条件下,产量与旗叶宽和冠层温差呈显著正相关;在T2条件下,产量与旗叶宽、叶绿素含量和冠层温差呈显著正相关,与株高呈显著负相关。因此,冠层温差、旗叶宽和叶绿素含量可以用作筛选和鉴定相应灌水模式下节水高产小麦品种的形态或生理指标。
In order to provide rapid and convenient identification indices for selecting high-yielding wheat varieties suitable for water-saving irrigation systems, the grain yield, morphological and physiological characteristics of wheat under three different irrigation regimes were examined with 102 national or provincial and CK wheat varieties as materials, which were authorized from 2003 to 2013 and suitable for sowing in China Zone Ⅱ. The relationships among yield, morphology and physiological characteristics were also analyzed. The results showed that irrigation at the jointing stage improved grain yield by increasing spike number and grain number per spike;Irrigation at the filling stage improved grain yield by increasing grain weight.Plant height, leaf area, perimeter, length and width of flag leaf were increased significantly under T1;Plant height was increased slightly, while the effect on the morphology of flag leaf was inconsistent in the two growing seasons under T2;Canopy temperature difference was significantly increased under T1 and T2 treatments. The effects of T1 on chlorophyll content in flag leaves of wheat at late grain filling stage were inconsistent in the two growing seasons.The chlorophyll content was increased under T2. The grain yield was significantly positively correlated with canopy temperature difference under T0, and the grain yield was significantly positively correlated with the width of flag leaf and canopy temperature difference under T1, and the grain yield was significantly positively correlated with the width of flag leaf, chlorophyll content and canopy temperature difference under T2, while the grain yield was significantly negatively correlated with the plant height. Therefore, canopy temperature difference,flag leaf width and chlorophyll content can be used as morphological or physiological indicators of the corresponding irrigation regime to screen and identify high-yielding and water-saving wheat varieties.
作者
高振贤
史占良
韩然
单子龙
傅晓艺
何明琦
曹巧
李辉利
郭进考
GAO Zhenxian;SHI Zhanliang;HAN RanSHAN Zilong;FU Xiaoyi;HE Mingqi;CAO Qiao;LI Huili;GUO Jinkao(Center of Wheat Research,Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050041,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期1234-1240,共7页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目
石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(181490392A)
国家现代农业小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03)
关键词
小麦
灌水模式
产量
形态
生理
Wheat
Irrigation regime
Grain yield
Morphology
Physiology
