摘要
列宁在《国家与革命》中从逻辑上论证了资本主义制度是官僚主义产生的政治根源,无产阶级革命在打碎旧的军事官僚机器后,官吏在过渡时期依然存在,但其性质及作用与资产阶级官僚迥然不同,即由享有特权、镇压群众转变为为人民服务。无产阶级专政的国家制度、民主措施及高度发展的资本主义社会化大生产将为无产阶级执政后克服官僚主义提供政治保障、制度保证及经济基础。列宁的逻辑构想在十月革命后不久就遭遇现实解构,苏维埃制度下官僚主义的复活与俄国当时恶劣的政治经济状况及高度集中的政治体制有密切关系,也与列宁对权力运行过于理想化的认识有一定联系。这说明,在一党执政的条件下需要从多方面建构对权力进行充分监督的制度体系,才能彻底清除官僚主义滋生的土壤。
In State and Revolution,Lenin demonstrates logically that capitalism is the political source of bureaucracy.When the trite military bureaucratic apparatuses were shackled,there still existed bureaucratic officials in the transitional period,but,having turned from enjoying privileges and exploiting the masses to public servants for the people,they were of totally different nature and function.The state system of the dictatorship of the proletariat,the democratic measures and the highly developed socialized production of capitalism would provide political and institutional guarantee and economic foundation for the elimination of bureaucracy when the proletariat was in power.Such logic formulation of Lenin’s encountered deconstruction in reality.The resurrection of bureaucracy in the Soviet system was closely related to the hostile political and economic situations and the highly centralized political mechanism of the then Russia,and to a certain extent also related to idealized consideration of Lenin for the operation of power.This is a demonstration that an institutional system for a sufficient supervision of power from various perspectives is to be constructed when there is only one ruling party,and the hotbed for bureaucracy can be removed in this way.
作者
曹芸
CAO Yun(School of Marxism,Hubei University of Education,Wuhan 430205,Hubei,China)
出处
《廉政文化研究》
2019年第4期67-76,共10页
Anti-corruption and Integrity Culture Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学基金项目(19YJC710004)
湖北省教育厅人文社会科学项目(18Q186)
关键词
《国家与革命》
克服官僚主义
无产阶级专政
State and Revolution
eliminating bureaucracy
proletariat dictatorship
