摘要
芽胞杆菌属菌株已被广泛应用于植物土传病害的生物防治。本研究以枯草芽胞杆菌NCD-2和解淀粉芽胞杆菌Ba-2为有效成分开展了防治马铃薯黄萎病的种子处理剂研制。通过对载体、助剂种类及其比例的优化,明确种子处理剂的配方为:载体滑石粉75%、菌株NCD-2原粉13.33%、菌株Ba-2原粉6.67%、分散剂B3.50%、润湿剂B1.50%;制备的种子处理剂外观为浅黄色粉末,无团块。该菌剂粒径D50为36.78μm,p H 6.85,贮藏后未出现结块和发粘现象,浓度介于1.5×10^9~2.0×10^9 CFU/g。作物安全性试验表明,种子处理剂用量在1~4 kg/667 m^2拌种马铃薯种薯,校正出苗率与空白对照差异不显著;进一步研究以4 kg/667 m^2拌种薯块不同时间对出苗的影响,明确拌种后不宜长时间放置,以2 d内播种为宜。两年多地田间试验表明,种子处理剂对马铃薯黄萎病的防治效果为48.58%~72.82%,增产为5.52%~14.32%。综合分析表明,该菌剂能够有效防治马铃薯黄萎病发生,且增产作用明显,具有广阔的应用前景。研究结果为该菌剂进一步的大面积推广示范应用奠定了基础。
Bacillus spp.have been widely used in biological control of plant soil-borne diseases.Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ba-2 were used as active ingredient to develop seed-treating agent(SA)against potato verticillium wilt.Through the screening of carriers,wetting agents and dispersants,the formulation of SA were defined as follows:talc powder 75%,NCD-2 raw powder 13.33%,Ba-2 raw powder 6.67%,dispersant B 3.50%,and wetting agents B 1.50%.It was determined that the appearance of the prepared seed treatment agent was light yellow powder with no agglomeration.The particle size of SA was 36.78μm,pH 6.85.There was no caking and sticking 14 d after storage and the concentration of SA was ranged from 1.5×10^9 to 2.0×10^9 CFU/g.Safety test showed that there was no significant difference between the seedling emergence rate and the blank control in the range of 1 to 4 kg/667 m2 of the dosage of SA,moreover,the seedling emergence of potato was affected to some extent at different time of 4 kg/667 m^2 SA.It was finally clear that potato seeds were not appropriate to put too long after mixing and been better sown within 2 days.Field experiments in more than two years demonstrated that the control efficacy of SA on potato verticillium wilt were ranged from 48.58%to 72.82%,and the yield increase rate were 5.52%to 14.32%.Comprehensive analysis showed that the SA could effectively control the occurrence of potato verticillium wilt,had obvious yield-increasing effect,and had broad application prospects.
作者
赵卫松
李社增
鹿秀云
郭庆港
王培培
苏振贺
张晓云
马平
ZHAO Weisong;LI Shezeng;LU Xiuyun;GUO Qinggang;WANG Peipei;SU Zhenhe;ZHANG Xiaoyun;MA Ping(IPM Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《中国生物防治学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期759-767,共9页
Chinese Journal of Biological Control
基金
国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503109）
国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0201101）
关键词
芽胞杆菌
种子处理剂
马铃薯黄萎病
防治效果
增产
安全性
Bacillus spp.
seed-treating agent
potato verticillium wilt
control effect
yield increase
safety
