摘要
企业家是"经济增长的国王",是最重要的人力资本。为了检验企业家精神的知识溢出效应对中国工业T F P的影响,本文讨论企业家精神的成长对中国工业T F P的非线性传导机制,还考察了行业特征对企业家精神的生产率促进效应所产生的行业异质性影响,并基于中国工业2000-2014年35个细分行业的面板数据进行实证检验。为了克服考察期间工业统计口径变化导致的偏差,本文使用从业人员数和主营业务收入两种指标将相关变量统一调整到全部工业口径。本文的主要发现是:(1)在考察期间,中国工业的T F P整体呈现明显上升趋势;(2)在整个考察期间,企业家精神通过知识溢出效应显著提升了中国工业的T F P;(3)企业家精神与中国工业的T F P之间存在"U"型关系,并且位于"U"曲线的右侧,意味着企业家精神的培育正在加速提高中国工业的T F P;(4)20 08年全球金融危机发生以来,企业家精神的知识溢出效应显著为正,意味着中国企业家精神的发挥不仅抵消而且大大超过了金融海啸等外部条件对中国工业T F P的负面冲击;(5)企业家精神的生产率提升效应存在明显的行业异质性,在国有产权比重较高、平均企业规模较大、技术密集度较高的细分行业,企业家精神对中国工业TFP的提升作用更大。
Entrepreneurship is the king of economic growth andmost important human capital. To inspect the effect of the spillover of knowledge of entrepreneurship on the total factor productivity of Chinese industry, following the research of Acs et al.(2012), this paper explores the non-linear conduction mechanism of the development of entrepreneurship on the total factor productivity of Chinese industry, and probe the differentiated inf luences across the industries of industry characteristics on the productivity-promoting effect, and conducts the empirical tests based on panel data of 35 sub-sectors of Chinese industry between 2000-2014. To overcome the unfavorable effects on the regression analyses brought by the changes in the statistic caliber during the period, the paper adopts two indicators, annual average number of employed personnel and revenue from principal business, to adjust the related variables to all industrial enterprises caliber uniformly. The main findings of the paper are as follows:(1) During the period, the total factor productivity of Chinese industry shows obvious growing trend on the whole;(2) Entrepreneurship has enhanced the total factor productivity of Chinese industry significantly by means of effect of the spillover of knowledge;(3) There exists the U-shaped relationship between the entrepreneurship and the total factor productivity of Chinese industry, and the entrepreneurship is in motion on the right of the U-shaped curves, meaning that the effect of the entrepreneurship on the total factor productivity of Chinese industry and that the cultivation of the entrepreneurship is accelerating to improve the total factor productivity of Chinese industry;(4) Since 2008, the breakout of the global financial crisis, the knowledge spillover effect of entrepreneurship has been positive significantly, signifying that the positive inf luences the Chinese entrepreneurship has unleashed have not only canceled out, but surpassed the negative impacts of the external conditions, such as the global financial
作者
徐远华
Xu Yuanhua(School of Economics and Finance,Xi’an Jiaotong University)
出处
《南开管理评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期13-27,共15页
Nankai Business Review
基金
国家自然科学基金项目（71804140、71503198）
教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目（18YJC790021）资助
关键词
企业家精神
行业异质性
“U”型关系
全要素生产率
全部工业口径
Entrepreneurship
Industrial Heterogeneity
U-shaped Relationship
Total Factor Productivity
All Industrial Enterprises Caliber
