摘要
为了明确不同类型的大豆根瘤氨同化的差异,本研究以半野生、半栽培及栽培大豆为材料,于开花期(R2)、结荚盛期(R4)、鼓粒盛期(R6)以及成熟期(R8)测定其根瘤的数量、根瘤的重量和根瘤中谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)及谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性,并进行统计分析。结果表明:半野生、半栽培以及栽培大豆根瘤数及根瘤重在R2~R6期呈较快的上升趋势变化,随后呈下降趋势变化,且除根瘤重在R2期三种类型之间无明显差异外,其它时期根瘤重及根瘤数量差异均显著。在整个生育时期,三种类型大豆根瘤GDH活性均呈下降趋势,R6期大豆根瘤GDH活性高低为:半野生>栽培>半栽培;而在R8期栽培最高,半野生最低。在R2期,三种类型大豆根瘤GS活性均最高,随后至R6期下降较快,R8期又逐渐上升;半野生大豆根瘤GS活性于R2与R4期为最高,与另两种类型间有明显的差异;在R8期栽培最高、半野生最低,栽培大豆与其它两种类型间有显著差异。本研究结果可为大豆进化规律和育种提供重要的参考依据,且对研发新品种的生理育种,提高品种选育的目标具有重要意义。
In order to clarify the difference in ammonia assimilation of soybean root nodules, this study used semi-wild, semi-cultivated and cultivated soybean as the materials to measure the quantity and weight, and activities of glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) and glutamine synthase(GS) of root nodules in flowering(R2), pod budding(R4), granule flourishing(R6) and maturing(R8), and conducted the statistical analysis. The results showed that the number and the weight of root nodules of semi-wild, semi-cultivated and cultivated soybeans increased rapidly in the R2~R6 phase, and then showed a downward trend. Besides, there was no significant difference in root nodule weight among the three types in R2, and the difference in root nodule weight and number of root nodules was significant in other periods. During the whole growth period, the GDH activity of the three types of soybean nodules all presented a downward trend, and the level of GDH activity of the soybean nodules in stage R6 was: semi-wild>cultivated>semi-cultivated;while in R8 stage, the cultivation was the highest and the semi-wild was the lowest. The GS activity of all three types of soybean root nodules was highest in R2, followed by a rapid decline at phase R6 and a gradual increase at phase R8. The GS activity of semi-wild soybean root nodule was highest in R2 and R4, and there was significantly different from the other two types. In the R8 stage, the cultivation was the highest and the semi-wild was the lowest, and there was a significant difference between the cultivated soybean and the other two types. The results of this study could provide important reference for soybean evolution and breeding, and it is of great significance to research and develop the physiological breeding of new varieties and improve the target of breeding.
作者
白子裕
刘冰
徐晨
马文宇
王晓玲
陈展宇
张治安
Bai Ziyu;Liu Bing;Xu Chen;Ma Wenyu;Wang Xiaoling;Chen Zhanyu;Zhang Zhian(College of Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第18期6097-6103,共7页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
国家自然基金项目(31171459)
吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术项目(JJKH20180662KJ)共同资助