摘要
陇东黄土塬区土质疏松、降雨时空分布不均,水土流失十分严重,沟头不断前进、塬面逐年萎缩,对当地农业和经济发展造成了严重危害。为了给黄土塬区固沟保塬工程建设提供技术参考,对典型的黄土塬区董志塬治理情况进行实地调研,系统总结了固沟保塬实施方案中的治理模式,通过遥感影像解译评估了火巷沟固沟保塬工程建设的效果。目前董志塬西北塬区固沟保塬治理模式主要有简单填埋型、排水+填埋型、排水+填埋+护坡型、排水+填埋+生态护坡型4种类型,其中排水+填埋+生态护坡型治理模式效果最为明显。火巷沟2000年开始采取简单填埋方式进行治理后,虽然短期效果明显,但长期以来沟头仍在不断侵蚀前进,因此简单填埋工程应配合径流调控等措施,综合防治沟道侵蚀、防止沟头前进。建议厘清沟头前进致灾原因,针对主控因子“对症下药”;制定科学系统的防治体系,做到水不下塬、坡不滑塌、沟不扩展。
The Loess Plateau in the East Gansu is characterized by loose soil and uneven spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall.The soil erosion is very serious with continuous advance of ditches and shrinkage of plateau surface year by year,which have caused serious harm to the local agriculture and economic development.In order to provide technical reference for the construction of Gully Consolidation and High?land Protection Project in the Loess Plateau area,a field investigation was conducted on the governance of Dongzhi plateau,a typical loess plateau area.The governance modes in the implementation scheme of Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection Project were systematically summarized and the effects of Huoxiang gully governance works were evaluated through remote sensing image interpretation.At present,there are four kinds of governance modes of gully consolidation and highland protection in the northwest plateau:simple landfill,drainage+land?fill,drainage+landfill+slope protection,drainage+landfill+ecological slope protection,among which drainage+landfill+ecological slope protection has the most obvious effect.After the simple landfill method was adopted to treat the Huoxiang gully in 2000,although the short?term effect is obvious,the gully head is still eroding in the long run.Therefore,the simple landfill project should coordinate with the runoff control and other measures to comprehensively prevent the erosion of the gully and prevent the gully head from advancing.It suggested that to clarify the causes of disasters,find out“the right medicine”for the main control factors and formulate a scientific and systematic con?trol system,so as to achieve the goal of“water can be held by tableland,no slope collapse and no gully development”.
作者
王小帆
霍艾迪
朱兴华
赵彦斌
姜程
郑小路
WANG Xiaofan;HUO Aidi;ZHU Xinghua;ZHAO Yanbin;JIANG Cheng;ZHENG Xiaolu(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in the Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Geomatics and Mapping,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;Qingyang Substation of Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Environment Monitoring,Qingyang 745000,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第9期106-109,共4页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(41790444/D0214)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877232)
长安大学科研项目(300102299201)
关键词
固沟保塬
沟头侵蚀
治理模式
黄土塬区
陇东
gully consolidation and highland protection
retrogressive erosion
engineering management mode
Loess Plateau
East Gansu
