摘要
30多份以冰草属牧草为主的禾本科牧草引种试验结果表明,在年降水量230mm旱作栽掊条件下,有16种牧草生长良好,尤其是这些牧草返青早、枯黄晚,适应性较强,产量也较高。冰草属牧草年均干草产量在3867.0kg/ha～9395.3kg/ha之间,新麦草属牧草年均干草产量在4710.8kg/ha～7000.5kg/ha。其中产草量最高的是细茎冰草,年均干草产量为9395.3kg/ha,其次是俄罗斯新麦草,年均干草产量为7000.5kg/ha,再次是沙芦草(内蒙古),年均干草产量为6740.0kg/ha。适于早春放牧利用的优良牧草有篦穗冰草,航道冰草、沙芦草(区草原所)和野生新麦草;适于春秋两季放牧利用的优良牧草有细茎冰草、沙芦草(内蒙古)、野生新麦草和俄罗斯新麦草,它们对改良干旱、丰干旱地区退化草场及撩荒地有重要价值。
Thirty-four introduced forage grass accessions, majority of them belonged to genus Agropyron, were cultivated under non-irrigation condition in Urumqi, where annual prccipitation was 230mm. 16 accessions of them growed well, especially showed early initiation of spring growth, late withering, high adaptation and yield capacity. Hay yields of genus Agropyron accessions varied from 3867 kg/ha to 9395 kg/ha per year. The hay yields of genus Psathyrostachys accessions varied from 4710.8 kg/ ha to 7000.5 kg/ ha per year. The hay yield of slender whealgrass was the highest with annual hay yield of 9395.3 kg/ ha, then were Psathyrostachys juncea from Hebei provice and Agropyron mongolicum from inner mongolia with annual hay yields of 7000.5 kg/ha and 6740 kg/ha respectively. Accessions which were suitable for early spring graszing included Agropyron pectinatum, Fairway crested wheatgrass, Agropyron mongolicum from Xinjiang Grassland Research Institute and Psathyrostachys juncea, for spring and autum grazing included slender wheatgrass, Agropyron mongolicum from inner mongolia, Psathyrostachys juncea and Psathyrostachys juncea from Hebei proviee. They were valuable for deteriorated ranges and abandoned farming lands revegalation in arid and semi-arid areas.
关键词
禾本科
牧草
引种
旱作
栽培
Forage grass
introduction experiment
cultivation without irrigation
nutrition component
