摘要
尼采这样评判古希腊三大悲剧家的诗艺:埃斯库罗斯第一,索福克勒斯第二,欧里庇得斯第三或最差,欧里庇得斯最差被归因于苏格拉底对他的败坏。实际上,尼采是在重述古希腊大喜剧家阿里斯托芬笔下的悲剧王座竞赛。但尼采故意仅仅重述了悲剧王座竞赛的表面意思,而悲剧王座竞赛的深层道理是:首先,在政治层面,埃斯库罗斯优先于欧里庇得斯;其次,在非政治层面,埃斯库罗斯与欧里庇得斯难分伯仲;再次,这种难分伯仲指向埃斯库罗斯的沉默支持者索福克勒斯,因为索福克勒斯的平和性情超越并统摄埃斯库罗斯的血气和欧里庇得斯的爱欲。阿里斯托芬认为,性情平和是悲剧和喜剧共同的最高追求,尽管喜剧呈现性情平和要通过极端化手段。
According to Nietzsche’s judgement of poetics of the three most famous Greek tragedians,Aeschylus ranked the first,Sophocles the second,and Euripides the third or the worst.Euripides’failure was ascribed to Socrates’corruption of him.In fact,Nietzsche just restated the agon of the throne of tragedy written by Aristophanes,the great ancient Greek comedian.However,Nietzsche intentionally revealed the mere appearance of this agon.In terms of its deep implications,Aeschylus took precedence over Euripides at the political level,but was on a par with Euripides at the nonpolitical level;Furthermore,this indistinctive situation pointed at Aeschylus’silent supporter Sophocles because his even-temperedness transcended and governed Aeschylus’spiritedness and Euripides’eros.Thus,Aristophanes argued that even-temperedness was the common top pursuit of tragedy and comedy,although comedy appealed to the extreme means for the presentation of even-temperedness.
作者
叶然
YE Ran(Department of Chinese ,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519000,China)
出处
《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2019年第5期3-9,共7页
Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(19CWW001)
