摘要
2014-2018 年间,中澳关系呈现出高开低走的态势。尤其自2017 年以来,澳政府和媒体反华言论持续发酵。但相关民意变化至今鲜有研究。本文以这一时期罗伊、皮尤和英国广播公司的13 份民调数据为样本,探析其从经济、安全、中澳关系/对华情感三个维度勾勒出的澳对华民意图景呈现何种特点和变化。研究发现,随着中国国力的增强,澳大利亚民众对华认知中“理智与情感”共存的特点越发明显,与精英层面“贪婪与恐惧”共存的对华认知极为相似。因此,本文从传播学视角对民调的议程设置、框架设置进行了批判性解读,发现民调议程不仅呼应了每年的热点话题,反映出澳国内对华认知的分歧,而且通过框架影响了民调结果,从而引发了民调的“回答效应”。此外,本文还以南海争端和“中国对澳政治渗透”这两个具体议题为例,考察了政府、媒体和智库/民调机构构成的“权力/知识共同体”如何在由来已久的“入侵焦虑”的支配下进行关于中国知识的生产,共同固化了“航行自由”的南海叙事框架和“政治渗透”的威胁论论调,从而“合谋”了澳对华民意。值得指出的是,民意也并不总是精英意见的被动接受者,人文交流、经贸合作对塑造积极的中国形象极为重要。
During 2014-2018, China-Australian relations took a downward turn after an initial period of progress. In particular anti-China rhetoric by the Australian government and in the media has continued unabated. However, there is little research on changes in Australian public opinion on China during this period. Based on data from 13 Lowy, Pew, and BBC polls, this paper analyzes the characteristics and changes of public opinion on China from three dimensions: economy, security, and bilateral relations/sentiments toward China. The paper finds that as China rises, a growing feature in Australian public opinion is the paradoxical mix of “sense and sensibility,” which coincides with the coexistence of “greed and fear” in the political elites’ perceptions of China. Taking a communication approach, this study finds the agenda-setting of the polls not only echoes hot topics of the year, but also reflects differences in Australian perceptions of China. The polling results are affected by the frames embedded in the polls, leading to the “response effect.” Taking the South China Sea disputes and the alleged Chinese political infiltration as examples, this paper examines how, under the influence of their “invasion anxiety,” the “power/knowledge community” which consists of the Australian government, media and think tanks/polling institutions has created specific China knowledge, thus colluding to coproduce Australian public opinion. It has done so by consolidating the narrative framework of the “freedom of navigation” in the South China Sea, and that of the alleged threat of “Chinese political infiltration.” However, it is worth noting that the public does not always passively accept the elite view on China. People-to-people exchanges and economic ties play an important role in building a good China image.
出处
《国际论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期86-98,158-159,共15页
International Forum
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“冷战后全球主流媒体意识形态演变与人类命运共同体理念引领国际舆论对策研究”(18ZDA320)阶段性成果
