摘要
DevOps 已提出近十年,其作为敏捷方法在完整的软件生命周期上的延伸,旨在从文化、自动化、标准化、架构以及工具支持等方面,打破开发与运维之间的壁垒,重塑软件过程,以实现在保证高质量的前提下,缩短从代码提交到产品上线之间的周期.在竞争日益激烈的市场环境下,用户对于产品服务的稳定性以及更新频率和效率的要求不断提高,DevOps 在学术界和工业界的关注程度因此也不断提高.Puppet Labs 在 2013 年开始了全球 DevOps 现状的问卷调查,迄今已发布了 5份报告.国内 DevOps的发展相对滞后,对于国内 DevOps现状的研究在工业界和学术界均处于空白.2016 年和 2018 年分别进行了两次关于 DevOps 国内现状的问卷调查以填补这一空白,两次调查的受访人数分别为 74 和 66 人.基于两次调查结果,从 DevOps 涵盖的 IT 性能表现、组织文化及相关实践、开发与运维实践、工具支持、领导力、工作比例、员工敬业度及满意度这 8 个方面,综合分析了 DevOps 在国内的发展现状与趋势,并与 Puppet Labs报告的全球现状进行了对比.总体而言,国内 DevOps虽呈现了稳步发展的态势,但与国际水平相比尚存在明显差距,目前能达到国际高水平 IT 性能的受访团队仅 6%.通过对比,总结了 17 条发现,经过综合分析,获得了 3 个主要结论:(1)员工素质和人才紧缺是国内 DevOps 滞后、过程成熟度不高的症结;(2) DevOps 化越成熟,员工敬业度和满意度越高;(3) Scrum 敏捷开发和基于主干开发是最普遍采纳的实践.基于分析结果,在未来实践与研究上给出了多项建议.
DevOps has been proposed for nearly a decade. As an extension of the agile approach from development to the entire software lifecycle, DevOps aims to break the barrier between development and operation and reshape the software process from the aspects of culture, automation, standardization, architecture, tool support, etc. The process is to achieve the shortest possible cycle from code submission to product release, while guaranteeing high quality. In an increasingly competitive market environment, users are increasingly demanding the stability of product services and the frequency and efficiency of updates. Therefore, DevOps has attracted a large number of researchers and practitioners. Puppet Labs began a global survey of the state of DevOps in 2013 and has published five reports so far. The development of DevOps in China is relatively lagging behind. The research on the state of DevOps in China is in a blank in both industry and academia. Two questionnaire surveys are conducted on the state of DevOps in China in 2016 and 2018 to fill this gap. The numbers of responses received in the two surveys were 74 and 66 respectively. Based on the results of the two surveys, this study performed a comprehensively analysis from eight aspects, including IT performance, organizational culture and related practices, development and operation and maintenance practices, tool support, leadership, work ratio, employee engagement, and satisfaction. The development status and trends of DevOps in China with the global status reported by Puppet Labs are compared. Overall, DevOps has shown a steady development trend in China, but there is still a significant gap compared with the international level. At present, only 6% of the respondents could achieve the international high-level IT performance. 17 findings from the comparison are summarized. Then, three main conclusions are obtained through the synthesis of these findings:(1) The quality of employees and the shortage of talents are the crux of lagging behind and the process maturi
作者
刘博涵
张贺
董黎明
LIU Bo-Han;ZHANG He;DONG Li-Ming(State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology (Nanjing University), Nanjing 210023, China)
出处
《软件学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期3206-3226,共21页
Journal of Software
基金
国家自然科学基金(61572251)
南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2017A13)~~
