摘要
在典型棕壤地块开展耕作试验,研究大花生品种(鲁花11、花育22和中花24)和小花生品种(BL、花育39和日本花生)的产量和品质对免耕、耕翻20 cm(以下简称耕翻)、耕翻20 cm+起垄8.5 cm(以下简称耕翻起垄)的响应差异,探究不同耕作方式下花生产量与品质特性及籽粒性状之间的关系。结果表明,大、小花生品种对耕作方式的响应有显著差异,小花生对不同耕作方式的响应不显著,但免耕与耕翻起垄相比显著降低大花生产量。耕翻起垄处理下,以大花生产量较高,鲁花11单产(指666.7m^2产量,下同)最高为366.3 kg,小花生BL各耕作方式下单产为148.5~170.7 kg,总体低于其它品种。花生蛋白质产量和产油率,同一品种不同处理在小花生之间没有显著差异,大花生则表现为耕翻起垄处理显著高于免耕,且同一处理不同品种总体以鲁花11、日本花生表现较高,BL最低。花生蛋白质含量与含油率呈极显著负相关,蛋白质含量每增加1%,含油率下降0.67%。同一品种的花生出米率、百粒重,在三种耕作处理下除中花24、花育39外均没有显著差异,出米率和百粒重以大花生较高,BL最低。相关分析表明,花生单产与产油量、蛋白质产量呈显著正相关;与蛋白质含量、含油率、出米率、百粒重呈曲线关系,即在花生单产低于300 kg时籽粒蛋白质含量、百粒重、出米率均总体随着产量增加而呈显著增加趋势,含油率则呈下降趋势,超过此产量临界值时均维持在一定水平或略低。
In order to investigate the relationships among yield, quality and kernel traits of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) under different tillage treatments, the response of yield and quality indexes of big peanut varieties(Luhua 11, Huayu 22 and Zhonghua 24) and small peanut varieties(BL, Huayu 39 and Japanese peanut) under no-tillage, ploughing and ploughing + ridging treatments were studied in typical brown soil. The results showed that the response of big and small peanut varieties to different tillage treatments were significantly different. The response of small peanut varieties were not significant different to different tillage treatments. Compared with ploughing+ridging treatment, no-tillage treatment significantly reduced the yield of big peanut varieties. Under the ploughing + ridging conditions,the yield of big peanut varieties were generally higher, and the yield per unit area(666.7 m^2, the same below) of Luhua 11 was the highest as 366.3 kg. The yield of small peanut variety BL under various tillage treatments were 148.5~170.7 kg, which were lower than that of the other varieties. There were no significant differences in protein yield and oil yield between different treatments of the same variety for small peanut, while those of big peanut varieties showed that tillage treatment(ploughing and ploughing + ridging) were significantly higher compared with no-tillage treatment. Under the same tillage treatment, Luhua 11 and Japanese peanut were higher in protein and oil yields, while BL was the lowest. The protein content of peanut was very significantly negatively correlated with oil content, and the oil content decreased by 0.67% with the increase of protein content by 1%. There was no significant difference in the kernel rate and hundred-kernel weight of the same peanut variety under tillage and no-tillage treatments except Zhonghua 24 and Huayu 39. The kernel rate and hundred-kernel weight of big peanut varieties were higher, while those of BL was the lowest. The correlation analysis showed that peanut yield
作者
刘璇
许婷婷
沈浦
吴正锋
孙学武
郑永美
于天一
王才斌
Liu Xuan;Xu Tingting;Shen Pu;Wu Zhengfeng;Sun Xuewu;Zheng Yongmei;Yu Tianyi;Wang Caibin(Shandong Peanut Research Institute/National Peanut Engineering Technology Research Center,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Agronomy,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2019年第9期144-150,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201000)
农业农村部农业技术试验示范项目(101821301064072003)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018B05)
关键词
大花生
小花生
品种
耕作方式
产量
品质
Big peanut
Small peanut
Variety
Tillage method
Yield
Quality
