摘要
为了解黑龙江省近5年间人口空间变化的动态特征,利用黑龙江省各县级行政单元人口普查数据,以ArcGIS、GeoDa空间分析功能为依托,结合地统计学的方法,对其人口时空分布进行研究分析。借助数据趋势分析等方法对人口密度数据进行正态分布探索分析,以获取数据分布信息。比较各种克里金插值的优劣,并基于普通克里金(高斯函数)对黑龙江省人口密度进行插值分析。结果表明,近5年间人口密度的空间分布经对数变换后基本符合正态分布且空间自相关性较强;人口密度趋势自西向东呈先升后降的趋势,自北向南呈逐渐增加的趋势,表明人口集中在中部西偏南位置;基于人口密度分区表明5年来人口中等区以及人口稀少区的变化不大,人口在向发达市县转移,并且黑龙江省人口5年来出现负增长。通过对黑龙江省人口密度普通克里金插值图分析显示,地处平原内地人口密集,山地边境人口稀疏,城镇人口分布不平衡,出现了负增长的情况,揭示了黑龙江省人口分布的空间规律。
In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of population spatial changes in recent five years,the census data of Heilongjiang Province were used to analyze spatial-temporal distribution the of its population,based on spatial functions of ArcGIS and GeoDa,and combined with geostatistics.Data trend analysis and other methods are adopted to analyze the normal distribution of population density data in order to obtain the information of data distribution.Based on General Kriging(Gaussian Function),the interpolation analysis is carried out on the population density of the province.The results show that the spatial distribution of population density in the past five years has basically followed the normal distribution after logarithmic transformation,with strong spatial autocorrelation.The population density has gradually increased from north to south,and increased and then decreased from west to east,indicating that the population is concentrated in central west by south.Zoning of population density shows that in the past five years,there are little population changes in the medium and low zone of density,with population moving to advanced cities and counties and being negative growth.The analysis of General Kriging interpolation shows that the population in the plain is densely populated,the border mountainous population is sparse,and the urban population is unevenly distributed with negative growth,revealing spacial distribution for population in Heilongjiang Province.
作者
高健峰
GAO Jian-feng(China University of Geosciences (Beijing),School of InformationEngineering,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《黑龙江科学》
2019年第18期158-164,共7页
Heilongjiang Science
关键词
ARCGIS
黑龙江省人口空间分布
克里金
地统计学
莫兰指数
ArcGIS
Spatial distribution of population in Heilongjiang Province
Kriging
Geostatistics
Moran index
