摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮脂肪水平对3岁生茸期梅花鹿营养物质消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选取健康、平均体重为(115±23) kg的3岁雄性梅花鹿12头,随机分成3组(每组4个重复,每个重复1头),分别饲喂脂肪水平为2%(Ⅰ组)、4%(Ⅱ组)和6%(Ⅲ组)的试验饲粮,3种饲粮其他营养水平均一致。预试期7 d,正试期63 d。结果表明:1)Ⅰ组粗蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),其他组间差异不显著(P>0.05);随饲粮脂肪水平的升高,粗脂肪、钙和磷的消化率极显著降低(P<0.01);饲粮脂肪水平对干物质消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01),Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮脂肪水平对血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)Ⅰ组血清补体3(C3)含量显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅰ组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),与Ⅱ组差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮脂肪水平对血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、补体4(C4)和胰岛素(INS)含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)Ⅱ组血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),与Ⅰ组差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮脂肪水平对血清白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)和尿素氮(UN)含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组瘤胃液乙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度极显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.01),Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅱ组瘤胃液丙酸、戊酸浓度显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),与Ⅰ组差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮脂肪水平对瘤胃液异丁酸和异戊酸浓度无显著影响(P>0.05)。从节约饲养成本及提高营养物质利用角度考虑,饲喂脂肪水平为2%的饲粮即可满足3岁生茸期梅花鹿健康生产需求。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fat level on nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical indexes and volatile fatty acid composition in rumen fluid of 3-year-old sika deer during velvet antler growth period. Twelve 3-year-old and healthy male sika deer with the average body weight of (115±23) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 1 deer per replicate, and they were fed experimental diets containing different fat levels. The diet fat levels were 2%(group Ⅰ), 4%(group Ⅱ) and 6%(group Ⅲ), respectively, and other nutrient levels were basically the same. The experiment was 7 days for adaption and 63 days for trial period. The results showed as follows:1) the digestibility of crude protein in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference among other groups (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary fat level, the digestibility of ether extract, calcium and phosphorus decreased significantly (P<0.01). Dietary fat level had no significant effect on dry matter digestibility (P>0.05). 2) Serum glucose (GLU) content in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.01), while no significant difference was observed between groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P>0.05). Dietary fat level had no significant effects on serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) contents (P>0.05). 3) Serum complement 3 (C3) content in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P>0.05). Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) content in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ(P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P>0.05). Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement 4 (C4) and insulin (INS) contents were not significantly affected by dietary fat level (P>0.
作者
钟伟
鲍坤
王晓旭
孙伟丽
刘晗璐
崔学哲
宁文春
李光玉
ZHONG Wei;BAO Kun;WANG Xiaoxu;SUN Weili;LIU Hanlu;CUI Xuezhe;NING Wenchun;LI Guangyu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun 130112, China;Fusong County Songjiang River Special Animal Breeding Center, Fusong 134500, China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期4162-4169,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ISAPS)
吉林省医药健康技术攻关项目(20190304007YY)
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20170101034JC)
