摘要
所有制结构变革是关系中国基本经济制度全局的一个重要的理论和实践问题.新中国成立至1957年基本完成了农业、手工业和资本主义工商业的社会主义改造,工业的绝大部分为全民所有制企业掌握.改革开放以后,公有制经济比重呈现趋势性下降,非公有制经济结构地位显著提升,所有制结构呈现新的格局.但由于管理集中,布局发生重大变化,国有企业公益性、战略性和政策性等功能定位更加清晰,其活力、控制力、带动力和抗风险能力显著提高.在所有制结构调整中,中国对各种所有制经济地位和布局的认识不断深化,个体经济、私营经济、外资经济等非公有制经济成为社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分.新时代必须坚持"两个毫不动摇",顺应中国社会主要矛盾转化和生产力发展的新要求,继续调整中央和地方国有经济布局,提高非公有制经济发展水平,更好地促进多种所有制经济共同发展,实现所有制结构新的调整.
The change of ownership structure is an important theoretical and practical issue in the overall relationship of China's basic economic system. From the founding of New China to 1957, the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts, and capitalist industry and commerce was basically completed. The vast majority of industry was mastered by enterprises owned by the whole people. After the reform and opening up, the proportion of the public-owned economy showed a trend of decline, the status of the non-public ownership economy was significantly improved, and the ownership structure showed a new pattern. The layout of the state-owned economy has undergone major changes, and the state-owned economic vitality, control, driving and anti-risk capabilities have improved significantly. The functioning of state-owned enterprises in public welfare, strategic and policy has become clearer. In the adjustment of ownership structure, the understanding of the economic status and layout of various ownership systems has been deepened. The non-public economy such as individual economy, private economy and foreign capital economy has become an important part of the socialist market economy. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that socialism with Chinese characteristics should enter a new era. The new era must be based on the transformation of major social contradictions and the requirements for the development of productive forces in our country,“two unwavering”and mixed ownership economy. For guidance, we will continue to adjust the central and local state-owned economic layout with institutional innovation, improve the development level of the non-public ownership economy, better promote the common development of multi-ownership economies, and achieve new adjustments in the ownership structure.
作者
刘戒骄
王德华
Liu Jiejiao;Wang Dehua
出处
《区域经济评论》
北大核心
2019年第5期10-20,共11页
Regional Economic Review
基金
中国社会科学院创新工程项目“竞争政策理论前沿与政策走向”(SKGJCX2017-03)
关键词
所有制结构
基本经济制度
国有企业改革
Reform and Open Up
ownership Structure
The Basic Economic System
State-owned Enterprise Reform
