摘要
目的:了解钦州市2012-2016年围产儿出生缺陷发生情况和变化趋势,寻找出生缺陷发生原因。方法:收集钦州市78家助产机构2012年1月1日至2016年12月30日出生缺陷监测点的围产儿数据及出生缺陷病例资料,采用EXCEL软件进行数据整理,并用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:钦州市出生缺陷发生率在5年内呈先上升后下降的趋势,影响钦州市出生人口素质的前6位出生缺陷分别是多指/趾、胎儿水肿综合征、唇裂合并腭裂、先天性心脏病、唇裂和马蹄内翻足;多指/趾和唇裂合并腭裂发生率呈总体上升趋势(χ^2多指/趾=4.05,P<0.05;χ^2唇裂合并腭裂=6.38,P<0.05),胎儿水肿综合征呈逐年下降趋势(χ^2=5.56,P<0.05);不同分娩年龄出生缺陷发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5年间钦州城镇地区出生缺陷率呈下降趋势,农村地区出生缺陷率呈上升趋势(χ^2城市=11.32,P<0.05;χ^2农村=15.36,P<0.05)。结论:应加强孕前与孕期保健知识宣教,提高出生缺陷防治意识,孕妇按时增补叶酸,加大产前筛查和产前诊断的力度,提升卫生管理水平,可有效降低出生缺陷的发生。
Objective: To understand the occurrence and trend of birth defects in qinzhou city from 2012 to 2016 and to find out the causes of birth defects,so as to provide references for further prevention of birth defects. Methods: In this research,the data of 78 Qinzhou’s birth defects institution of midwifery monitoring from January 2012 to December 2016 were collected,including data of cases of perinatal birth defects.EXCEL software was adopted to improve the data sorting.SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results: During 5 years,the incidence of birth defects in Qinzhou first went up then went down.The top 6 birth defects affecting the population quality of Qinzhou city were polydactyly/toe,fetal edema syndrome,cleft lip combined with cleft palate,congenital heart disease,cleft lip and clubfoot.The incidence of polydactyly/toe and cleft lip combined with cleft palate presented an overall increasing trend (χ^2 polydactyly/toe =4.05, P <0.05;χ^2 cleft lip-cleft palate =6.38, P <0.05),and the fetal edema syndrome presented a decreasing trend year by year(χ^2=5.56, P <0.05).The incidence of birth defects at different birth ages was statistically significant ( P <0.05).In the past five years,the birth defect rate in Qinzhou was declined in Urban areas and rise in rural areas (trend χ^2 rural =15.36, P <0.05;trend χ^2 urban =11.32, P <0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of health care knowledge before and during pregnancy,improve the awareness of prevention and treatment of birth defects,supplement folic acid on time for pregnant women, strengthen prenatal screening and improve health management, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of birth defects.
作者
梁慧
蒋家晓
蒋俊俊
梁冰玉
张菲
阮氏梅
陆艳
Liang Hui;Jiang Jiaxiao;Jiang Junjun;Liang Bingyu;Zhang Fei;Ruan Shimei;Lu Yan(AIDS Working Committee Office of Qinzhou,Qinzhou 535000,China;Public Health School & AIDS Key Laboratory;International Education College,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China;Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qinzhou City,Qinzhou,535099,China)
出处
《广西医科大学学报》
CAS
2019年第8期1374-1377,共4页
Journal of Guangxi Medical University
关键词
出生缺陷
钦州市
围产儿
产前筛查
birth defects
Qinzhou city
perinatal infants
prenatal screening
