摘要
传统公园评价的研究大多集中在单个公园使用满意度方面,存在问卷样本量小、采集时间较集中等缺陷。大数据相关研究的快速发展为公园系统评价提供了新的契机。基于对社交媒体数据的文本分析,研究对比广州市50个公园的评价结果,同时探究公园评价与人口统计学特征、地理区位、评价时间以及公园属性之间的关系。研究发现,1)公园正面评价主要集中在免费设施、环境和特色等方面,而负面评价多集中于公园卫生、交通成本、停车等管理服务方面,广州公园的管理服务水平亟待提升。2)女性较男性更关注公园能否满足其对社交场所的需求,本地游客较外地游客更关注公园本身的服务质量而非公园的外部属性。3)基干公园应更侧重其可达性和基本的服务功能,承担大众日常活动;特色公园应更注重满足特定人群的需求及特色打造;自然公园应更关注公园生态质量并能够承担需要较大场地的活动。4)2010—2018年,人们越来越关注公园特色的打造,在公园中的活动类型也越来越多样,现代公园建设更应着力于文化服务质量的提升。研究突破传统公园研究方法的局限,将大数据的手段运用到多个公园的整体评价当中,有助于建立更普适、更有针对性的公园评价指标体系,具有较高的实践价值。
Traditional park evaluations normally focus on individual parks with limited samples and survey time.The rapid development of big data analysis provides a new opportunity for park system evaluation.Based on the text analysis of social media data,this paper compares the evaluations of 50 parks in Guangzhou,and explores the relationship between park evaluation and demographic characteristics,geographic location,evaluation time,and park attributes.The study finds that:1) The positive evaluations of the parks mainly focus on free facilities,environment and features,while the negative evaluations are mostly concerned with the management services such as sanitary conditions of parks,transportation costs, and parking.The management service of Guangzhou Park must be improved.2) Women are more concerned than men in whether the parks can meet their social contact needs.Local tourists pay more attention to the service quality of the parks while tourists from other places pay more attention to the external attributes.3) General parks should focus more on their accessibility and basic service functions.Characteristic parks should pay more attention to meet the needs and characteristics of specific groups of people.Natural parks should pay more attention to the ecological quality and undertake activities that require a larger space.4) From 2010 to 2018,people paid more attention to the creation of park characteristics. The types of activities in the parks are more diverse.Modern park construction should focus on the improvement of cultural service quality.This research is significant as it has broken through the limitations of traditional park research methods by incorporating social media data in the evaluation of parks to establish a more universal and strategic park evaluation index system.
作者
王志芳
赵稼楠
彭瑶瑶
岳文静
WANG Zhifang;ZHAO Jianan;PENG Yaoyao;YUE Wenjing(the College of Architecture and Landscape of Peking University)
出处
《风景园林》
2019年第8期89-94,共6页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号41871153)~~
关键词
风景园林
广州市公园
社交媒体
大数据
文本分析
landscape architecture
Guangzhou city parks
social media
big data
text analysis
