摘要
适宜的种植模式是提高盐碱地经济效益的关键。本研究以小麦和小黑麦为越冬作物,以玉米、高粱、花生为夏播作物,组合成小麦-玉米、小麦-高粱、小麦-花生和小黑麦-玉米、小黑麦-高粱、小黑麦-花生6种复种模式,比较不同模式的产量及经济效益。结果表明,夏播作物相同时,复种的产量和效益表现为小黑麦﹥小麦;越冬作物相同时,周年产量效益表现为花生﹥高粱﹥玉米。经济效益表现为小黑麦-花生、小麦-花生、小黑麦-高粱、小麦-高粱、小黑麦-玉米比小麦-玉米每公顷分别增收13822、8506、8325、4297、2933元。因此,将盐碱地传统的小麦-玉米复种模式升级为冬种饲用小黑麦,夏种花生、高粱等高价值作物,不仅有利于黄河三角洲盐碱地绿色高效开发,也利于提高农民收入、促进乡村振兴。
Appropriate cropping pattern is the key to improve economic benefit of saline-alkali land. In this study, using wheat and triticale as overwintering crops, and corn, sorghum and peanut as summer sowing crops, 6 multiple cropping patterns were combined, including wheat-maize, wheat- sorghum, wheat-peanut, triticale-maize, triticale-sorghum and triticale-peanut, to compare their yields and economic benefits. The results showed that the yields and benefits of multiple cropping patterns from more to less were triticale and wheat when the summer sowing crop was same. With the same overwintering crop, the annual yields and benefits showed as peanut﹥sorghum﹥corn. The economic benefits of triticale-peanut, wheat-peanut, triticale-sorghum, wheat- sorghum and triticale-maize were 13 822, 8 506, 8 325, 4 297, 2 933 yuan per hectare higher than that of wheat-maize, respectively. Thus, upgrading the traditional wheat-maize multiple cropping mode in saline-alkali land to the patterns that planting triticale in winter and high-value crops such as peanut and sorghum in summer was not only conducive to the green and efficient development of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River delta, but also help improve farmers’ income and promote rural revitalization.
作者
秦基皓
安振
张梦坤
胡恒宇
宁堂原
Qin Jihao;An Zhen;Zhang Mengkun;Hu Hengyu;Ning Yuantang(College of Agronomy,Shandong Agriculture University/Key Laboratory of Crop WaterPhysiology and Drought Resistant Germplasm Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Taian 271018,China;College of Resources and Environment,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2019年第8期34-37,45,共5页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2017CXGC0308,2016CYJS05A02)
关键词
盐碱地
复种模式
产量
经济效益
黄河三角洲
Saline-Alkali land
Multiple cropping pattern
Yield
Economic benefit
The Yellow River delta
