摘要
目的探讨新加坡化学毒物职业暴露半定量风险评估模型(MOM)和国际采矿与金属委员会风险评估(ICMM)模型在农药企业草甘膦风险评估中的应用情况。方法于2018年7月,选取某市一家大型草甘膦生产企业,对现场进行职业卫生学调查和空气中草甘膦浓度检测。运用MOM和ICMM模型分别对主要岗位草甘膦危害风险级别开展评估,并与现场检测和我国工作场所职业病危害作业分级进行结果验证。结果该草甘膦生产企业干燥和包装岗位存在草甘膦超标,个体检测最大值分别为5.32、49.59 mg/m3。MOM和ICMM风险评级表法结果有较强的一致性,主要岗位均以低、中风险为主,而ICMM赋值定量法判断各岗位主要为不可接受风险。MOM和ICMM风险评级表法、赋值定量法评估的风险比值差异无统计学意义(F=3.960,P>0.05),ICMM赋值定量法在评判IDA法生产工艺时计算的结果明显较高(F=4.096,P<0.05)。结论两种风险评估模型在评价实践中均有一定的适用性,MOM相对于作业分级其判断结果更为精细;ICMM模型操作相对简单、评估参数易得,可能在针对草甘膦的实际评估过程中更加简便易行。
Objective To assess the occupational hazard risks of glyphosate in a pesticide factory by MOM and ICMM models, and to explore the suitable method. Methods A large glyphosate enterprise was selected and an industrial hygiene survey was conducted. MOM and ICMM models were applied to evaluate the occupational hazard risks, which were compared with the site testing results and verified by the national occupational hazard classification for workplaces. Results There were poor occupational health protection facilities in the plant. The concentrations of glyphosate in drying and packaging posts were beyond occupational exposure limit. And the maximum individual detection values were 5.32 mg/m3 and 49.59 mg/m3, respectively. The results of MOM and ICMM risk rating method were consistent. The main posts were low and medium risk. The quantitative method of ICMM judged that nearly all posts were unacceptable risks. There was no difference in the risk ratio between MOM and risk rating method as well as work grading criteria(F=3.960,P>0.05), while the result calculated by quantitative method in evaluating the production process of IDA technology was obviously higher than that of the former three methods (F=4.096, P<0.05). Conclusion Both MOM and ICMM models can appropriately predict and assess the occupational health risk of glyphosate. Besides , the judgment results may be more precise than the classification of occupational hazards. Due to the relatively simple opera-tion, easy evaluation parameters, ICMM model maybe more convenient for glyphosate production plants.
作者
刘炘
张锋
朱宝立
Liu Xin;Zhang Feng;Zhu Baoli(Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210028, China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第7期525-528,共4页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
基金
江苏省疾病预防控制中心科教兴业青年人才(JKRC2016015)
江苏省医学创新团队项目(CXTDA2017029)
江苏省青年医学人才(QNRC2016549)
江苏省"六个一工程"卫生拔尖人才(LGY2018066).
关键词
草甘膦
职业健康
风险评估
Glyphosate
Occupational health
Risk assessment
